Factors Associated with Adolescents’ Internet Use Duration by Suicidal Ideation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Method
2.1. Participants
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. General Characteristics
2.2.2. Physical Characteristics
2.2.3. Psychological Characteristics
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. General Characteristics of Participants
3.2. Physical and Psychological Characteristics of Participants
3.3. Factors Associated with Internet Use Duration by Suicidal Ideation
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | n (Weighted %) | No (n = 52,064) | Yes (n = 7976) | x2/t (p) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (Weighted %) or Complex Sample Mean | |||||
Age (years) | 12–15 | 34,657 (54.4) | 30,006 (54.2) | 4651 (55.6) | 5.21 (0.094) |
16–18 | 25,077 (45.6) | 21,848 (45.8) | 3229 (44.4) | ||
Sex | Male | 30,463 (52.1) | 27,639 (54.3) | 2824 (37.4) | 801.58 (<0.001) |
Female | 29,577 (47.9) | 24,425 (45.7) | 5152 (62.6) | ||
Academic grades | High | 23,420 (38.8) | 20,708 (39.5) | 2712 (33.9) | 261.48 (<0.001) |
Middle | 17,526 (29.4) | 15,434 (29.8) | 2092 (26.3) | ||
Low | 19,094 (31.9) | 15,922 (30.7) | 3172 (39.8) | ||
Economic status | High | 24,207 (40.8) | 21,429 (41.6) | 2778 (35.8) | 567.50 (<0.001) |
Middle | 27,808 (46.0) | 24,362 (46.5) | 3446 (42.7) | ||
Low | 8025 (13.2) | 6273 (11.9) | 1752 (21.5) | ||
Frequency of breakfast/week | 0 | 11,128 (18.7) | 9461 (18.3) | 1667 (21.1) | 96.88 (<0.001) |
1–3 | 13,739 (22.8) | 11,682 (22.4) | 2057 (25.4) | ||
≥4 | 35,173 (58.5) | 30,921 (59.3) | 4252 (53.5) | ||
Frequency of eating fast food/week | 0 | 11,676 (19.0) | 10,147 (19.0) | 1529 (18.7) | 117.17 (<0.001) |
1-3 | 45,878 (76.7) | 39,946 (77.0) | 5932 (74.6) | ||
≥4 | 2486 (4.3) | 1971 (4.0) | 515 (6.8) | ||
Residence type | With family | 56,654 (95.5) | 49,248 (95.7) | 7406 (94.2) | 109.23 (<0.001) |
Childcare facility | 2436 (3.3) | 2119 (3.3) | 317 (3.4) | ||
Boarding home, relative’s home, dorm, home of relative | 711 (1.2) | 525 (1.0) | 186 (2.3) | ||
Internet use duration (min/day on weekends) | 228.57 | 266.59 | −14.77 (<0.001) | ||
Internet use duration (min/day on weekdays) | 149.80 | 179.03 | −13.47 (<0.001) |
Characteristics | n (Weighted %) | No (n = 52,064) | Yes (n = 7976) | x2 (p) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (Weighted %) | ||||||
Physical factors | Physical activity (/week) | 0 | 21,562 (36.3) | 18,550 (36.0) | 3012 (38.1) | 26.96 (<0.001) |
1–3 | 25,976 (43.3) | 22,489 (43.3) | 3487 (43.5) | |||
≥4 | 12,502 (20.4) | 11,025 (20.7) | 1477 (18.4) | |||
Sedentary duration (min) | ≤90 | 16,068 (28.0) | 14,152 (28.4) | 1916 (25.3) | 109.83 (<0.001) | |
91–180 | 23,709 (41.8) | 20,769 (42.2) | 2940 (39.3) | |||
≥181 | 17,561 (30.2) | 14,869 (29.4) | 2692 (35.4) | |||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | <18.5 | 11,910 (20.6) | 10,429 (20.6) | 1481 (20.1) | 6.55 (0.178) | |
18.5–22.9 | 29,616 (52.1) | 25,800 (52.2) | 3816 (51.3) | |||
23–24.9 | 6912 (12.2) | 6000 (12.2) | 912 (12.7) | |||
≥25 | 8556 (15.2) | 7392 (15.0) | 1164 (16.0) | |||
Weight control effort | No effort | 28,091 (47.3) | 24,938 (48.4) | 3153 (40.4) | 263.74 (<0.001) | |
Lose weight | 20,468 (33.6) | 17,077 (32.4) | 3391 (41.5) | |||
Gain weight | 4164 (7.1) | 3678 (7.2) | 486 (6.4) | |||
Maintain weight | 7317 (12.1) | 6371 (12.1) | 946 (11.7) | |||
Recovery after sleep deprivation | Enough | 14,238 (23.0) | 13,224 (24.7) | 1014 (12.4) | 1186.60 (<0.001) | |
Moderate | 20,098 (33.3) | 17,907 (34.3) | 2191 (27.1) | |||
Not enough | 25,704 (43.7) | 20,933 (41.1) | 4771 (60.5) | |||
Alcohol consumption | Yes | 24,697 (42.3) | 20,513 (40.6) | 4184 (52.4) | 46.28 (<0.001) | |
No | 35,343 (57.7) | 31,551 (59.4) | 3792 (47.6) | |||
Frequency of alcohol consumption | ≤2/month | 20,508 (82.5) | 17,279 (83.7) | 3229 (76.4) | 142.55 (<0.001) | |
3–9/month | 2998 (12.5) | 2364 (11.9) | 634 (15.2) | |||
≥10/month | 1191 (5.1) | 870 (4.4) | 321 (8.3) | |||
Amount of alcohol consumption/number of glasses of soju | ≤2 | 3768 (38.1) | 3042 (38.7) | 726 (35.9) | 7.34 (0.058) | |
3–6 | 2422 (25.2) | 1899 (24.7) | 523 (27.3) | |||
≥7 | 3477 (36.7) | 2764 (36.6) | 713 (36.8) | |||
Smoking experience | Yes | 8540 (14.9) | 6921 (14.0) | 1619 (20.7) | 224.45 (<0.001) | |
No | 51,500 (85.1) | 45,143 (86.0) | 6357 (79.3) | |||
Frequency of smoking | ≤1/day | 1006 (26.3) | 781 (26.2) | 225 (26.5) | 13.62 (0.003) | |
2–9/day | 1941 (52.4) | 1546 (53.7) | 395 (47.7) | |||
≥10/day | 775 (21.3) | 575 (20.1) | 200 (25.8) | |||
Sexual Experience | Yes | 3209 (5.7) | 2469 (5.1) | 740 (9.9) | 257.73 (<0.001) | |
No | 56,831 (94.3) | 49,595 (94.9) | 7236 (90.1) | |||
Experience of recreational drug use | Yes | 260 (41.4) | 135 (34.9) | 125 (51.6) | 16.35 (0.001) | |
No | 368 (58.6) | 251 (65.1) | 117 (48.4) | |||
Psychological factors | Stress | High stress | 6925 (11.6) | 3924 (7.6) | 3001 (37.7) | 7462.35 (<0.001) |
Moderate | 17,387 (28.8) | 14,022 (26.9) | 3365 (41.6) | |||
A little stress | 24,638 (41.3) | 23,294 (44.9) | 1344 (17.3) | |||
Almost no stress | 9023 (14.9) | 8833 (16.8) | 190 (2.5) | |||
No stress | 2067 (3.4) | 1991 (3.8) | 76 (0.9) | |||
Feelings of sadness | Yes | 16,208 (27.1) | 10,040 (19.3) | 6168 (77.6) | 1053.51 (<0.001) | |
No | 43,832 (72.9) | 32,024 (80.7) | 1808 (22.4) | |||
Subjective health status | Healthy | 43,300 (71.6) | 39,218 (74.8) | 4082 (51.1) | 2157.66 (<0.001) | |
Moderate | 12,825 (21.6) | 10,303 (20.1) | 2522 (31.4) | |||
Not healthy | 3915 (6.7) | 2543 (5.1) | 1372 (17.5) | |||
Subjective body perception | Thin | 15,000 (25.3) | 13,197 (25.6) | 1803 (23.1) | 229.21 (<0.001) | |
Normal | 21,848 (36.2) | 19,371 (37.1) | 2477 (30.8) | |||
Overweight | 23,192 (38.5) | 19,496 (37.3) | 3696 (46.1) | |||
Suicide perception | Yes | 2631 (4.4) | 250 (0.5) | 2381 (29.9) | 8753.35 (<0.001) | |
No | 57,409 (95.6) | 51,814 (99.5) | 5595 (70.1) | |||
Suicide attempt | Yes | 1873 (3.1) | 197 (0.4) | 1676 (20.7) | 5783.01 (<0.001) | |
No | 58,167 (96.9) | 51,867 (99.6) | 6300 (79.3) |
Model | Beta | Standard Error | t | p | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | Weekend | Sex | Male | −50.111 | 19.06 | −2.62 | 0.009 |
Female | 1.000 | ||||||
Economic status | High | 46.665 | 21.20 | 2.20 | 0.028 | ||
Middle | 55.781 | 22.09 | 2.52 | 0.012 | |||
Low | 1.000 | ||||||
Residence type | With family | −131.865 | 55.83 | −2.36 | 0.019 | ||
Day care center | −131.596 | 77.24 | −1.70 | 0.089 | |||
Boarding home, relative’s home, dorm, home of relative | 1.000 | ||||||
Physical activity/week | 0 | −7.535 | 24.456 | −0.30 | 0.758 | ||
1–3 | −48.005 | 22.027 | −2.17 | 0.030 | |||
≥4 | 1.000 | ||||||
Sedentary duration (min/day) | ≤90 | −104.910 | 25.284 | −4.14 | <0.001 | ||
91–180 | −94.162 | 20.628 | −4.56 | <0.001 | |||
≥181 | 1.000 | ||||||
Recovery after sleep deprivation | Enough | 100.849 | 40.38 | 2.49 | 0.013 | ||
Moderate | 10.069 | 19.91 | 0.50 | 0.613 | |||
Not enough | 1.000 | ||||||
Stress | High stress | 73.084 | 67.91 | 1.07 | 0.282 | ||
Moderate | 68.790 | 68.61 | 1.01 | 0.317 | |||
A little stress | 57.337 | 71.45 | 0.80 | 0.423 | |||
Almost no stress | 218.655 | 99.33 | 2.20 | 0.028 | |||
No stress | 1.000 | ||||||
R2 = 0.200, F = 4.15, p < 0.001 | |||||||
Weekday | Sex | Male | −41.473 | 16.123 | −2.57 | 0.010 | |
Female | 1.000 | ||||||
Frequency of breakfast/week | 0 | −38.074 | 18.19 | −2.09 | 0.037 | ||
1–3 | −9.056 | 17.59 | −0.51 | 0.607 | |||
4≤ | 1.000 | ||||||
Sedentary duration (min/day) | ≤90 | −76.769 | 21.80 | −3.52 | <0.001 | ||
91–180 | −81.363 | 16.03 | −5.07 | <0.001 | |||
≥181 | 1.000 | ||||||
Weight control effort | No effort | −11.401 | 29.23 | −0.39 | 0.697 | ||
Weight loss | −26.641 | 30.35 | −0.87 | 0.381 | |||
Weight gain | −67.032 | 30.59 | −2.19 | 0.029 | |||
Keep weight | 1.000 | ||||||
R2 = 0.159, F = 3.57, p < 0.001 | |||||||
No | Weekend | Frequency of breakfast/week | 0 | 42.567 | 11.52 | 3.69 | <0.001 |
1–3 | 6.709 | 10.08 | 0.66 | 0.506 | |||
≥4 | 1.000 | ||||||
Sedentary duration (min/day) | ≤90 | −95.650 | 10.89 | −8.77 | <0.001 | ||
91–180 | −73.34 | 10.34 | −7.09 | <0.001 | |||
≥181 | 1.000 | ||||||
Frequency of alcohol consumption | ≤2/month | −30.028 | 13.67 | −2.19 | 0.029 | ||
3–9/month | −33.484 | 14.78 | −2.26 | 0.024 | |||
≥10/month | 1.000 | ||||||
R2 = 0.109, F = 5.32, p < 0.001 | |||||||
Weekday | Frequency of breakfast/week | 0 | 26.993 | 11.12 | 2.42 | 0.016 | |
1–3 | −5.516 | 9.49 | −0.58 | 0.562 | |||
≥4 | 1.000 | ||||||
Frequency of eating fast food/week | 0 | −44.993 | 21.62 | −2.07 | 0.038 | ||
1–3 | −43.754 | 19.26 | −2.27 | 0.024 | |||
≥4 | 1.000 | ||||||
Sedentary duration (min/day) | ≤90 | −96.562 | 10.46 | −9.22 | <0.001 | ||
91–180 | −79.917 | 7.93 | −10.07 | <0.001 | |||
≥181 | 1.000 | ||||||
Suicide attempt | Yes | 1.000 | |||||
No | 61.864 | 29.22 | 2.11 | 0.035 | |||
R2 = 0.136, F = 6.11, p < 0.001 |
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Kwon, M.; Kim, S.A.; So, W.-Y. Factors Associated with Adolescents’ Internet Use Duration by Suicidal Ideation. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 433. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020433
Kwon M, Kim SA, So W-Y. Factors Associated with Adolescents’ Internet Use Duration by Suicidal Ideation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(2):433. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020433
Chicago/Turabian StyleKwon, Myoungjin, Sun Ae Kim, and Wi-Young So. 2020. "Factors Associated with Adolescents’ Internet Use Duration by Suicidal Ideation" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2: 433. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020433