Device-Measured Desk-Based Occupational Sitting Patterns and Stress (Hair Cortisol and Perceived Stress)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Hair Cortisol
2.3. Occupational, Desk-Based Sitting Variables
2.4. Physical Activity Variables
2.5. Demographic Characteristics, Anthropometric Measurements and Self-Reported Perceived Stress
2.6. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Entire Eligible Sample (n = 131) | Complete Desk-Based Sitting Data (n = 77) |
---|---|---|
Age(years) (n = 117; n = 76) | 41.8 ± 9.8 | 40.8 ± 9.7 |
Sex * | ||
Female | 93 (71) | 60 (78) |
Male | 38 (29) | 17 (22) |
BMI(kg/m2) (n = 126; n = 80) | 27.7 ± 6.0 | 27.9 ± 5.9 |
Ethnic background | ||
White British | 109 (98.2) | 75 (98.7) |
Other | 2 (1.8) | 1 (1.3) |
Qualification | ||
University or higher | 72 (63.7) | 52 (67.5) |
No university qualification | 41 (36.3) | 25 (32.5) |
Employment status * | ||
Full time | 101 (88.6) | 72 (93.5) |
Part time | 13 (11.4) | 5 (6.5) |
Hours worked in the last 7 days(hours) (n = 113; n = 77) | 40.2 ± 9.8 | 40.7 ± 8.7 |
Perceived health | ||
Good to excellent | 110 (96.5) | 75 (97.4) |
Poor to fair | 4 (3.5) | 2 (2.6) |
Annual Income * | ||
<£20,000 | 10 (8.8) | 6 (7.8) |
£20,001–£30,000 | 35 (31.0) | 29 (37.7) |
£30,001–£40,000 | 21 (18.6) | 16 (20.8) |
£40,001–£50,000 | 19 (16.8) | 14 (18.2) |
>£50,001 | 28 (24.8) | 12 (15.6) |
Desk-based variables(n = 104; n = 77) | ||
Desk based sitting (hours/day) | 5.4 ± 1.3 (2.2–8.8) | 5.3 ± 1.3 (2.2–8.8) |
Desk based sit-to-stand transitions (number/day) | 21.2 ± 10.5 (6.0–66.3) | 21.1 ± 9.5 (6.0–61.5) |
Physical activity and sedentary variables(n = 125; n = 77) (% weartime) | ||
Sedentary behaviour | 68.2 ± 6.9 | 68.1 ± 6.1 |
Light physical activity | 27.8 ± 6.3 | 28.2 ± 5.9 |
MVPA | 4.0 ± 2.6 | 3.7 ± 2.0 |
(Mins/day) | ||
Daily time spent in MVPA | 33.67 ± 23.28 (5.5–183.5) | 31.85 ± 17.42 (5.9–84.4) |
Desk Based Sitting Variable (mins/day) | Crude Models | Adjusted Models a | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b | SE B | β | p Value | b | SE B | β | p Value | |
Desk based sitting | 0.02 (−0.05, 0.08) | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.467 | 0.04 (−0.06, 0.13) | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.435 |
Desk based sit-to-stand transitions | −0.18 (−0.78, 0.57) | 0.37 | −0.06 | 0.661 | −0.28 (−1.1, 0.77) | 0.44 | −0.09 | 0.618 |
Desk Based Sitting Variable (mins/day) | Crude Models | Adjusted Models a | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b | SE B | β | p Value | b | SE B | β | p Value | |
Desk based sitting | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | 0.01 | −0.10 | 0.404 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | 0.01 | −0.15 | 0.249 |
Desk based sit-to-stand transitions | 0.02 (−0.13, 0.21) | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.770 | 0.01 (−0.16, 0.22) | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.945 |
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Ryde, G.C.; Dreczkowski, G.; Gallagher, I.; Chesham, R.; Gorely, T. Device-Measured Desk-Based Occupational Sitting Patterns and Stress (Hair Cortisol and Perceived Stress). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 1906. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111906
Ryde GC, Dreczkowski G, Gallagher I, Chesham R, Gorely T. Device-Measured Desk-Based Occupational Sitting Patterns and Stress (Hair Cortisol and Perceived Stress). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(11):1906. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111906
Chicago/Turabian StyleRyde, Gemma C., Gillian Dreczkowski, Iain Gallagher, Ross Chesham, and Trish Gorely. 2019. "Device-Measured Desk-Based Occupational Sitting Patterns and Stress (Hair Cortisol and Perceived Stress)" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11: 1906. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111906
APA StyleRyde, G. C., Dreczkowski, G., Gallagher, I., Chesham, R., & Gorely, T. (2019). Device-Measured Desk-Based Occupational Sitting Patterns and Stress (Hair Cortisol and Perceived Stress). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(11), 1906. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111906