Effects of the Visual Exercise Environments on Cognitive Directed Attention, Energy Expenditure and Perceived Exertion
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Design
2.3. Procedures
2.3.1. First Test Occasion
2.3.2. Experimental Conditions
2.4. Measures
2.4.1. Directed Attention-Reducing Battery
2.4.2. Backwards Digit Span Test (Modified)
2.4.3. Respiratory Exchange Ratio
2.5. Data Treatment
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Backwards Digit Span Test Scores
3.2. Physiological Measures
Measure | Exercise Bout / Time (mins) | Condition | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Nature | Built | Control | ||
Heart Rate (bpm) | Exercise 1 | 108.8 ± 9.2 | 109.9 ± 11.2 | 107.5 ± 12.0 |
Exercise 2 | 145.7 ± 7.9 | 145.1 ± 11.0 | 144.1 ± 9.5 | |
Time to exhaustion (secs) | Exercise 2 | 824.1 ± 336.3 | 726.0 ± 269.8 | 769.17 ± 292.2 |
3.3. Perceived exertion and Time to Exhaustion
4. Discussion
4.1. Directed Attention
4.2. Physiological Measures
4.3. Perceived Exertion
4.4. Application
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Rogerson, M.; Barton, J. Effects of the Visual Exercise Environments on Cognitive Directed Attention, Energy Expenditure and Perceived Exertion. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 7321-7336. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707321
Rogerson M, Barton J. Effects of the Visual Exercise Environments on Cognitive Directed Attention, Energy Expenditure and Perceived Exertion. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(7):7321-7336. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707321
Chicago/Turabian StyleRogerson, Mike, and Jo Barton. 2015. "Effects of the Visual Exercise Environments on Cognitive Directed Attention, Energy Expenditure and Perceived Exertion" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 7: 7321-7336. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707321