A Meta-Analysis of Cigarette Smoking Prevalence among Adolescents in China: 1981–2010
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Literature Search
2.2. Inclusion Criteria
2.3. Paper Selection
2.4. Data Coding and Extracting
2.5. Measurement of Smoking Behavior
2.6. Prevalence Rate Estimation by Meta-Analysis
2.7. Measures to Deal with Special Issues
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Summary of the Included Studies
3.2. The Estimated Levels of and Time Trends in Lifetime Smoking
Gender | Time Period | Sample Weighted Method | Random Effect Method |
---|---|---|---|
(Year) | Prevalence Rate (95% CI) | Prevalence Rate (95% CI) | |
Male | 1980–1985 | 39.48 (38.16, 40.81) | 39.04 (37.72, 40.36) |
1986–2000 | 39.71 (39.04, 40.37) | 43.36 (42.69, 44.03) | |
1991–1995 | 49.48 (48.50, 50.46) | 46.03 (45.05, 47.01) | |
1996–2000 | 42.24 (41.60, 42.88) | 40.36 (39.73, 41.00) | |
2001–2005 | 41.62 (41.32, 41.93) | 39.11 (38.81, 39.41) | |
2006–2010 | 42.27 (41.75, 42.80) | 42.39 (41.87, 42.92) | |
Female | 1980–1985 | 4.45 (3.49, 5.41) | 2.47 (1.75, 3.19) |
1986–2000 | 4.10 (3.83, 4.38) | 3.48 (3.23, 3.73) | |
1991–1995 | 8.00 (7.43, 8.58) | 7.05 (6.51, 7.60) | |
1996–2000 | 11.17 (10.74, 11.61) | 9.45 (9.04, 9.85) | |
2001–2005 | 20.33 (20.08, 20.57) | 19.72 (19.38, 19.86) | |
2006–2010 | 20.31 (19.89, 20.73) | 19.44 (19.02, 19.86) |
3.3. The Estimated Levels of and Time Trends in Current (30-Day) Smoking
Gender | Time Period | Sample Weighted Method | Random Effect Method |
---|---|---|---|
(Year) | Prevalence Rate (95% CI) | Prevalence Rate (95% CI) | |
Male | 1981–1985 | 26.95 (25.75, 28.15) | 26.62 (25.42, 27.81) |
1986–1990 | 12.54 (12.04, 13.04) | 15.64 (15.09, 16.19) | |
1991–1995 | 14.04 (13.36, 14.72) | 13.65 (12.97, 14.32) | |
1996–2000 | 10.35 (9.96, 10.75) | 10.86 (10.46, 11.26) | |
2001–2005 | 19.40 (19.15, 19.64) | 15.78 (15.56, 16.01) | |
2006–2010 | 19.51 (19.09, 19.93) | 17.40 (17.00, 17.80) | |
Female | 1981–1985 | 0.29 (0.06, 0.51) | 0.29 (0.06, 0.51) |
1986–2000 | 0.47 (0.37, 0.58) | 0.29 (0.20, 0.37) | |
1991–1995 | 0.89 (0.68, 1.09) | 0.84 (0.64, 1.04) | |
1996–2000 | 1.25 (1.10, 1.41) | 0.69 (0.58, 0.80) | |
2001–2005 | 4.41 (4.29, 4.54) | 3.60 (3.49, 3.72) | |
2006–2010 | 4.89 (4.66, 5.12) | 3.26 (3.08, 3.45) |
4. Discussion
4.1. A Growing Number of Adolescent Smokers in China
4.2. Changing Gender Pattern in Cigarette Smoking
4.3. Implications for Tobacco Control
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Files
Supplementary File 1Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Han, J.; Chen, X. A Meta-Analysis of Cigarette Smoking Prevalence among Adolescents in China: 1981–2010. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 4617-4630. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120504617
Han J, Chen X. A Meta-Analysis of Cigarette Smoking Prevalence among Adolescents in China: 1981–2010. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(5):4617-4630. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120504617
Chicago/Turabian StyleHan, Juan, and Xinguang Chen. 2015. "A Meta-Analysis of Cigarette Smoking Prevalence among Adolescents in China: 1981–2010" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 5: 4617-4630. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120504617