Influence of Heavy Metals and PCBs Pollution on the Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community of Paddy Soils around an E-Waste Recycling Workshop
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Soil Sampling
2.2. Chemical Analysis
2.3. Soil Enzyme Activity Analysis
2.4. Microbial Counts
2.5. PCR-DGGE Analysis
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Soil Properties, Heavy Metals and PCBs Analysis
Sampling No. | Distance (m) a | Zn | Cu | Pb | Cd | Cr | Ni |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P1 | 5 | 95.44 ± 9.78 a | 37.17 ± 3.07 a | 87.22 ±7 .69 a | 1.83 ± 0.28 ab | 60.17 ± 5.33 a | 30.77 ± 2.39 a |
P2 | 10 | 126.53 ± 10.17 b | 81.14 ± 0.64 b | 92.16 ± 7.82 ab | 2.08 ± 0.33 abc | 68.17 ± 4.12 b | 32.70 ± 1.17 ab |
P3 | 15 | 134.50 ± 8.71 bc | 78.26 ± 0.67 c | 107.10 ± 9.40 c | 2.56 ± 0.59 c | 74.18 ± 1.11 b | 35.58 ± 0.76 c |
P4 | 20 | 129.00 ± 9.26 bc | 71.36 ± 0.55 d | 99.54 ± 6.15 abc | 2.57 ± 0.34 a | 69.04 ± 3.60 b | 35.37 ± 1.84 bc |
P5 | 25 | 131.34 ± 4.12 bc | 68.59 ± 0.57 d | 92.22 ± 4.30 ab | 1.71 ± 0.24 b | 71.11 ± 3.18 b | 34.89 ± 0.66 bc |
P6 | 30 | 142.00 ± 12.73 c | 78.94 ± 0.14 bc | 103.98 ± 3.61 bc | 2.23 ± 0.19 abc | 73.53 ± 1.84 b | 38.93 ± 1.60 d |
3.2. Enzyme Activities
Sampling No. | Distance (m) | Catalase (mL·g−1·dw) | Urease (mg∙kg−1·24∙h−1∙dw) | Phosphatase (mg∙kg−1·h−1·dw) |
---|---|---|---|---|
P1 | 5 | 4.27 ± 0.17 a | 182.56 ± 12.82 a | 66.65 ± 11.05 a |
P2 | 10 | 5.97 ± 0.18 b | 290.93 ± 20.17 b | 100.27 ± 7.46 b |
P3 | 15 | 6.28 ± 0.26 bc | 385.35 ± 26.24 c | 186.98 ± 33.56 cd |
P4 | 20 | 5.79 ± 0.13 b | 290.74 ± 1.61 b | 222.90 ± 19.87 ce |
P5 | 25 | 6.72 ± 0.07 c | 309.18 ± 7.26 b | 231.49 ± 16.88 e |
P6 | 30 | 6.75 ± 0.75 c | 339.96 ± 14.79 d | 189.32 ± 17.20 d |
3.3. Microbial Counts
Sampling No. | Distance (m) | Bacteria (106/g·dw) | Actinomycetes (106/g·dw) |
---|---|---|---|
P1 | 5 | 0.40 ± 0.06 ab | 0.19 ± 0.01 ab |
P2 | 10 | 0.38 ± 0.07 ab | 0.32 ± 0.03 a |
P3 | 15 | 0.54 ± 0.19 ac | 0.23 ± 0.02 ab |
P4 | 20 | 0.59 ± 0.16 ac | 0.12 ± 0.01 b |
P5 | 25 | 0.19 ± 0.16 b | 0.22 ± 0.12 ab |
P6 | 30 | 0.69 ± 0.09 c | 0.21 ± 0.01 ab |
3.4. Microbial Community Structure Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tang, X.; Hashmi, M.Z.; Long, D.; Chen, L.; Khan, M.I.; Shen, C. Influence of Heavy Metals and PCBs Pollution on the Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community of Paddy Soils around an E-Waste Recycling Workshop. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 11, 3118-3131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110303118
Tang X, Hashmi MZ, Long D, Chen L, Khan MI, Shen C. Influence of Heavy Metals and PCBs Pollution on the Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community of Paddy Soils around an E-Waste Recycling Workshop. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2014; 11(3):3118-3131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110303118
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang, Xianjin, Muhammad Z. Hashmi, Dongyan Long, Litao Chen, Muhammad I. Khan, and Chaofeng Shen. 2014. "Influence of Heavy Metals and PCBs Pollution on the Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community of Paddy Soils around an E-Waste Recycling Workshop" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11, no. 3: 3118-3131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110303118
APA StyleTang, X., Hashmi, M. Z., Long, D., Chen, L., Khan, M. I., & Shen, C. (2014). Influence of Heavy Metals and PCBs Pollution on the Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community of Paddy Soils around an E-Waste Recycling Workshop. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(3), 3118-3131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110303118