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Keywords = xanthelasma palpebrarum

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9 pages, 8141 KiB  
Case Report
Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Can Help Differentiate Adult Xanthogranulomatous Disease from Xanthelasma—A Case Report
by Larysa Krajewska-Węglewicz, Monika Dźwigała, Piotr Sobolewski, Anna Wasążnik-Jędras and Irena Walecka
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(4), 1359; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14041359 - 18 Feb 2025
Viewed by 709
Abstract
Background: Adult xanthogranulomatous disease (AXD) is a rare histiocytic disorder with systemic potential, while xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) is a common xanthoma often linked to lipid disorders. Differentiating these conditions is challenging due to overlapping features. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), a non-invasive imaging [...] Read more.
Background: Adult xanthogranulomatous disease (AXD) is a rare histiocytic disorder with systemic potential, while xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) is a common xanthoma often linked to lipid disorders. Differentiating these conditions is challenging due to overlapping features. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), a non-invasive imaging tool, offers high-resolution visualization of skin structures and may aid diagnosis. Methods: We present a 71-year-old woman with periocular lesions. RCM was used to evaluate the lesions, identifying cellular and structural features. The findings were confirmed through histopathology, followed by surgical excision. Postoperative monitoring utilized RCM and LC-OCT. Results: RCM identified Touton giant cells, foamy histiocytes, and fibrosis, helping to distinguish xanthogranuloma from xanthelasma. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis, and the patient underwent successful lesion excision without complications. Conclusions: This case underscores RCM’s utility as a diagnostic adjunct for differentiating AXD from XP in sensitive regions like the periocular area. The combined use of RCM and LC-OCT enhances monitoring for recurrence. While histopathology remains the diagnostic gold standard, RCM shows promise as a non-invasive tool, warranting further research to validate its role and develop standardized clinical protocols. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Ophthalmology)
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8 pages, 1060 KiB  
Brief Report
Digital Patient Education on Xanthelasma Palpebrarum: A Content Analysis
by Kevin J. Varghese, Som P. Singh, Fahad M. Qureshi, Shreevarsha Shreekumar, Aarya Ramprasad and Fawad Qureshi
Clin. Pract. 2023, 13(5), 1207-1214; https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract13050108 - 29 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1945
Abstract
Patient education has been transformed using digital media and online repositories which disseminate information with greater efficiency. In dermatology, this transformation has allowed for patients to gain education on common cutaneous conditions and improve health literacy. Xanthelasma palpebrarum is one of the most [...] Read more.
Patient education has been transformed using digital media and online repositories which disseminate information with greater efficiency. In dermatology, this transformation has allowed for patients to gain education on common cutaneous conditions and improve health literacy. Xanthelasma palpebrarum is one of the most common cutaneous conditions, yet there is a poor understanding of how digital materials affect health literacy on this condition. Our study aimed to address this paucity of literature utilizing Brief DISCERN, Rothwell’s Classification of Questions, and six readability calculations. The findings of this study indicate a poor-quality profile (Brief DISCERN < 16) regarding digital materials and readability scores which do not meet grade-level recommendations in the United States. This indicates a need to improve the current body of educational materials used by clinicians for diagnosing and managing xanthelasma palpebrarum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Teaching Pathology Towards Clinics and Practice)
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