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Keywords = sweet clover straws

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16 pages, 4361 KB  
Article
Effect of Agricultural Biomass Residues on the Properties of Recycled Polypropylene/Polyethylene Composites
by Agnese Ābele, Remo Merijs-Meri, Madara Žiganova, Zanda Iesalniece and Ivan Bochkov
Polymers 2023, 15(12), 2672; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122672 - 14 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1668
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of agricultural biomass residues as reinforcement in recycled polymer matrices. In this study, recycled polypropylene and high-density polyethylene composites (rPPPE) filled with three types of biomass residues, sweet clover straws (SCS), buckwheat straws [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of agricultural biomass residues as reinforcement in recycled polymer matrices. In this study, recycled polypropylene and high-density polyethylene composites (rPPPE) filled with three types of biomass residues, sweet clover straws (SCS), buckwheat straws (BS) and rapeseed straws (RS), are presented. The effects of the fiber type and the fibers content on the rheological behavior, mechanical properties (including tensile, flexural and impact strength), thermal stability and moisture absorbance were determined, in addition to morphological analysis. It was revealed that the addition of SCS, BS or RS increased the materials’ stiffness and strength. The reinforcement effect increased as the loading of the fibers was increased, especially for BS composites in the flexural test. After the moisture absorbance test, it was found that the reinforcement effect slightly increased for the composites with 10% fibers but decreases with 40% fibers. The results highlight that the selected fibers are a feasible reinforcement for recycled polyolefin blend matrices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recycling, Reusing and Resource Recovery from Polymers)
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13 pages, 3055 KB  
Article
Mercerization of Agricultural Waste: Sweet Clover, Buckwheat, and Rapeseed Straws
by Madara Žiganova, Agnese Ābele, Zanda Iesalniece and Remo Merijs Meri
Fibers 2022, 10(10), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/fib10100083 - 28 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2603
Abstract
This research presents the alkali treatment effect on three types of agricultural residues: sweet clover (SCS), buckwheat (BS), and rapeseed straws (RS). The aim of the study was to find the optimal treatment conditions for each straw type, and to assess the potential [...] Read more.
This research presents the alkali treatment effect on three types of agricultural residues: sweet clover (SCS), buckwheat (BS), and rapeseed straws (RS). The aim of the study was to find the optimal treatment conditions for each straw type, and to assess the potential of sweet clover straw as reinforcement for polymer composites in comparison to buckwheat and rapeseed. The straws were ground and treated for 15, 30, and 60 min using NaOH at concentrations of 2, 5, and 10%. To investigate the treatment results on the SCS, BS, and RS fibers, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, optical microscope, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis were used. Results indicate that the optimal room-temperature alkaline-treatment conditions of SCS fibers were the same as those for RS treated with 2% NaOH solution for 30 min. These conditions were milder in comparison to those used for the treatment of BS: 60 min in a 5% NaOH solution. During the treatment, noncellulosic substances were largely removed, and the aspect ratio of the fibers was increased, and the destruction temperature, crystallinity, and morphology were also affected. Consequently, SCS has promising potential for use in polymer composites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Fibers II)
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12 pages, 2575 KB  
Article
Isolation of Tricin as a Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor from Sweet White Clover (Melilotus albus) and Its Distribution in Selected Gramineae Species
by Xiao-Xiao Liu, Shi-Wei Sun, Wen-Jing Yuan, Hua Gao, Yue-Yue Si, Kun Liu, Shuang Zhang, Yang Liu and Wei Wang
Molecules 2018, 23(10), 2719; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102719 - 22 Oct 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4871
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase, an enzyme present in significant levels in the intestine and liver, metabolizes hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid in the purine catabolic pathway. An inhibitory compound acting against xanthine oxidase was isolated from sweet white clover (Melilotus albus [...] Read more.
Xanthine oxidase, an enzyme present in significant levels in the intestine and liver, metabolizes hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid in the purine catabolic pathway. An inhibitory compound acting against xanthine oxidase was isolated from sweet white clover (Melilotus albus) by bioassay and high-performance liquid chromatography guided separation. It was identified as tricin by spectroscopic analysis. Tricin possessed a potent xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 4.13 μM. Further inhibition kinetics data indicated it to be a mixed-type inhibitor and Ki and KI values were determined to be 0.47 μM and 4.41 μM. To find a rich source of tricin, the distribution of tricin in seven different tissues from four Gramineae species was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The highest amount (1925.05 mg/kg dry materials) was found in the straw of wheat, which is considered as a potentially valuable source of natural tricin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Product Isolation, Identification and Biological Activity)
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