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Keywords = sewage treatment plant (STP), city sanitation plan (CSP), decentralized system

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27 pages, 2948 KiB  
Article
Affordability of Decentralized Wastewater Systems: A Case Study in Integrated Planning from INDIA
by Norbert Brunner, Markus Starkl, Absar A. Kazmi, Alvaro Real, Nitin Jain and Vijay Mishra
Water 2018, 10(11), 1644; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111644 - 13 Nov 2018
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 7035
Abstract
Based on experiences about the planning of decentralized wastewater treatment systems for slums of two rural towns in India, the paper asks to what extent affordability for the future users may impede the realization of other sustainability goals. The planning aimed at ensuring [...] Read more.
Based on experiences about the planning of decentralized wastewater treatment systems for slums of two rural towns in India, the paper asks to what extent affordability for the future users may impede the realization of other sustainability goals. The planning aimed at ensuring economic, social, and environmental sustainability. To this end the planning process promoted the participation of stakeholders and it was supplemented by an in-depth analysis (using novel methods) of the socio-economic situation of the future users. In particular, an approach towards estimating willingness to pay from small samples was developed. Taking all this information into account, planning identified a well-established technology that it is inexpensive, robust, and easy to maintain. The experiences of this planning process may generalize to other developing countries seeking socially acceptable low cost solutions with reasonable pollution reduction for resolving the sanitation crisis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)
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