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Keywords = pupil centration

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5 pages, 614 KB  
Opinion
The Centration Dilemma in Refractive Corrections: Why Is It Still a Dilemma and How to Cope?
by Samuel Arba Mosquera and Shwetabh Verma
Photonics 2024, 11(9), 822; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11090822 - 30 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1181
Abstract
(1) Background: Defining the optimum center for laser refractive corrections is difficult, with many of the available approaches having pros and cons. Decentered ablations result in undesirable side effects like halos, glare, monocular diplopia, and a reduction in visual acuity; (2) Methods: The [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Defining the optimum center for laser refractive corrections is difficult, with many of the available approaches having pros and cons. Decentered ablations result in undesirable side effects like halos, glare, monocular diplopia, and a reduction in visual acuity; (2) Methods: The ideal centration in refractive corrections should fulfil three requirements: covering a scotopic pupil; respecting the visual axis; and minimizing tissue removal. The implications of different centration strategies are discussed and shown graphically; (3) Results: Oversized asymmetric offset ablation faces fewer difficulties in registering static cyclotorsion, features less tissue wastage compared to a symmetric offset, and includes a certain amount of coma (and trefoil) in the profile, benefiting eyes with a pupil offset, which typically present with relevant amounts of coma and trefoil corneal aberrations due to decentered optics; (4) Conclusions: There is a need for a flexible choice of centration in refractive procedures to design customized and non-customized treatments optimally. An ideal optical zone covering the pupil with the widest entrance may be as important as a centration reference. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Visual Optics)
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21 pages, 5894 KB  
Article
A Low-Cost, High-Performance Video-Based Binocular Eye Tracker for Psychophysical Research
by Daria Ivanchenko, Katharina Rifai, Ziad M. Hafed and Frank Schaeffel
J. Eye Mov. Res. 2021, 14(3), 1-21; https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.14.3.3 - 5 May 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 411
Abstract
We describe a high-performance, pupil-based binocular eye tracker that approaches the performance of a well-established commercial system, but at a fraction of the cost. The eye tracker is built from standard hardware components, and its software (written in Visual C++) can be easily [...] Read more.
We describe a high-performance, pupil-based binocular eye tracker that approaches the performance of a well-established commercial system, but at a fraction of the cost. The eye tracker is built from standard hardware components, and its software (written in Visual C++) can be easily implemented. Because of its fast and simple linear calibration scheme, the eye tracker performs best in the central 10 degrees of the visual field. The eye tracker possesses a number of useful features: (1) automated calibration simultaneously in both eyes while subjects fixate four fixation points sequentially on a computer screen, (2) automated realtime continuous analysis of measurement noise, (3) automated blink detection, (4) and realtime analysis of pupil centration artifacts. This last feature is critical because it is known that pupil diameter changes can be erroneously registered by pupil-based trackers as a change in eye position. We evaluated the performance of our system against that of a wellestablished commercial system using simultaneous measurements in 10 participants. We propose our low-cost eye tracker as a promising resource for studies of binocular eye movements. Full article
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