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Keywords = pro-NAG-1

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14 pages, 1660 KiB  
Article
Quercetin Induces Anticancer Activity by Upregulating Pro-NAG-1/GDF15 in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Cells
by Yukyung Hong, Jaehak Lee, Hyunjin Moon, Chang H. Ryu, Jungirl Seok, Yuh-Seog Jung, Junsun Ryu and Seung J. Baek
Cancers 2021, 13(12), 3022; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13123022 - 16 Jun 2021
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 5288
Abstract
Although the treatment of thyroid cancer has improved, unnecessary surgeries are performed due to a lack of specific diagnostic and prognostic markers. Therefore, the identification of novel biomarkers should be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer. In this study, antibody [...] Read more.
Although the treatment of thyroid cancer has improved, unnecessary surgeries are performed due to a lack of specific diagnostic and prognostic markers. Therefore, the identification of novel biomarkers should be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer. In this study, antibody arrays were performed using tumor and adjacent normal tissues of patients with papillary thyroid cancer, and several potential biomarkers were identified. Among the candidate proteins chosen based on the antibody array data, mature NAG-1 exhibited increased expression in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. In contrast, pro-NAG-1 expression increased in normal tissues, as assessed by western blot analysis. Furthermore, pro-NAG-1 expression was increased when the thyroid cancer cells were treated with phytochemicals and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, quercetin highly induced the expression of pro-NAG-1 but not that of mature NAG-1, with enhanced anticancer activity, including apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest. Examination of the NAG-1 promoter activity showed that p53, C/EBPα, or C/EBPδ played a role in quercetin-induced NAG-1 expression. Overall, our study indicated that NAG-1 may serve as a novel biomarker for thyroid cancer prognosis and may be used as a therapeutic target for thyroid cancers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers of Thyroid Cancer)
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24 pages, 2328 KiB  
Review
Natural Antioxidant Application on Fat Accumulation: Preclinical Evidence
by Proshanta Roy, Daniele Tomassoni, Enea Traini, Ilenia Martinelli, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Carlo Cifani, Francesco Amenta and Seyed Khosrow Tayebati
Antioxidants 2021, 10(6), 858; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060858 - 27 May 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4418
Abstract
Obesity represents one of the most important challenges in the contemporary world that must be overcome. Different pathological consequences of these physical conditions have been studied for more than 30 years. The most nagging effects were found early in the cardiovascular system. However, [...] Read more.
Obesity represents one of the most important challenges in the contemporary world that must be overcome. Different pathological consequences of these physical conditions have been studied for more than 30 years. The most nagging effects were found early in the cardiovascular system. However, later, its negative impact was also investigated in several other organs. Damage at cellular structures due to overexpression of reactive oxygen species together with mechanisms that cause under-production of antioxidants leads to the development of obesity-related complications. In this view, the negative results of oxidant molecules due to obesity were studied in various districts of the body. In the last ten years, scientific literature has reported reasonable evidence regarding natural and synthetic compounds’ supplementation, which showed benefits in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in animal models of obesity. This article attempts to clarify the role of oxidative stress due to obesity and the opposing role of antioxidants to counter it, reported in preclinical studies. This analysis aims to clear-up different mechanisms that lead to the build-up of pro-oxidants during obesity and how various molecules of different origins hinder this phenomenon, behaving as antioxidants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Obesity)
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