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Keywords = polyurethane-biochar crosslinked material

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15 pages, 3785 KiB  
Article
Ammonium Release and Adsorption Characters of Polyurethane–Biochar Crosslinked Material as an Additive Filler in Stormwater Treatment
by Yuan Wang, Yike Meng, Chuanyue Wang and Bao Wang
Polymers 2021, 13(10), 1557; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13101557 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3167
Abstract
The additive fillers in bioretention facilities play a leading role in stormwater treatment to purify polluted runoff. At present, many traditional materials could not meet the requirements at the same time, including low ammonium leaching quantities, high water storage volume and strong ammonium [...] Read more.
The additive fillers in bioretention facilities play a leading role in stormwater treatment to purify polluted runoff. At present, many traditional materials could not meet the requirements at the same time, including low ammonium leaching quantities, high water storage volume and strong ammonium adsorption. This study investigated a polymer material, polyurethane–biochar crosslinked material (PCB), to evaluate the feasibility of using it as an additive filler in stormwater treatment compared with its raw material hardwood biochar (HB), and two traditional fillers. Successive leaching and ammonium isothermal adsorption experiments were conducted in deionized water and artificial stormwater. PCB leached 4.98–5.31 μmol/g NH4-N, less than the leaching quantities of compost, the traditional filler. After polyurethane modification, ammonium adsorption of PCB was improved: at a typical ammonium concentration of 2 mg/L in stormwater, PCB could adsorb 43.6 mg/kg ammonium versus 34.6 mg/kg for HB. With the addition of PCB in sand column, the ammonium adsorption improved from 31.34 to 84.72%. To improve the performance of bioretention facilities, PCB is recommended to be added into filter layers in stormwater treatment, taking advantage of its high cation exchange capacity and spongy internal structure to minimize overland flooding and enhance removal of ammonium from stormwater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cross-linked Polymers)
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17 pages, 2710 KiB  
Article
Phosphorus Release and Adsorption Properties of Polyurethane–Biochar Crosslinked Material as a Filter Additive in Bioretention Systems
by Yike Meng, Yuan Wang and Chuanyue Wang
Polymers 2021, 13(2), 283; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13020283 - 17 Jan 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3560
Abstract
Bioretention systems are frequently employed in stormwater treatment to reduce phosphorus pollution and prevent eutrophication. To enhance their efficiency, filter additives are required but the currently used traditional materials cannot meet the primary requirements of excellent hydraulic properties as well as outstanding release [...] Read more.
Bioretention systems are frequently employed in stormwater treatment to reduce phosphorus pollution and prevent eutrophication. To enhance their efficiency, filter additives are required but the currently used traditional materials cannot meet the primary requirements of excellent hydraulic properties as well as outstanding release and adsorption capacities at the same time. In this research, a polyurethane-biochar crosslinked material was produced by mixing the hardwood biochar (HB) with polyurethane to improve the performance of traditional filter additives. Through basic parameter tests, the saturated water content of polyurethane-biochar crosslinked material (PCB) was doubled and the permeability coefficient of PCB increased by two orders of magnitude. Due to the polyurethane, the leaching speed of phosphorus slowed down in the batching experiments and fewer metal cations leached. Moreover, PCB could adsorb 93–206 mg/kg PO43− at a typical PO43− concentration in stormwater runoff, 1.32–1.58 times more than HB, during isothermal adsorption experiments. In the simulating column experiments, weaker hydropower reduced the PO43− leaching quantities of PCB and had a stable removal rate of 93.84% in phosphate treatment. This study demonstrates the potential use of PCB as a filter additive in a bioretention system to achieve hydraulic goals and improve phosphate adsorption capacities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biobased Polymers for Environmental Applications)
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