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Keywords = nano-engineering of intermolecular interactions

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14 pages, 2075 KiB  
Article
Controlled Assembly of Lipid Molecules via Regulating Transient Spatial Confinement
by Yuqi Huang, Umit Celik, Ziqian Xu, Daniel Speer, Dario Ossola, Roland Faller, Atul N. Parikh and Gang-Yu Liu
Chemistry 2024, 6(5), 1287-1300; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6050074 - 19 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1702
Abstract
The constructs of lipid molecules follow self-assembly, driven by intermolecular interactions, forming stacking of lipid bilayer films. Achieving designed geometry at nano- to micro-levels with packing deviating from the near-equilibrium structure is difficult to achieve due to the strong tendency of lipid molecules [...] Read more.
The constructs of lipid molecules follow self-assembly, driven by intermolecular interactions, forming stacking of lipid bilayer films. Achieving designed geometry at nano- to micro-levels with packing deviating from the near-equilibrium structure is difficult to achieve due to the strong tendency of lipid molecules to self-assemble. Using ultrasmall (<fL) droplets containing designed molecules, our prior work has demonstrated that molecular assembly, in principle, is governed mainly by transient inter-molecular interactions under their dynamic spatial confinement, i.e., tri-phase boundaries during drying. As a result, the assemblies can deviate, sometimes significantly, from the near-equilibrium structures of self-assembly. The present work applies the approach and concept to lipid molecules using 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC). Taking advantage of the high spatial precision and the minute size of the delivery probe in our combined atomic force microscopy and microfluidic delivery, the transient shape of each liquid droplet is regulated. In doing so, the final geometry of the POPC assemblies has been regulated to the designed geometry with nanometer precision. The results extend the concept of controlled assembly of molecules to amphiphilic systems. The outcomes exhibit high potential in lipid-based biomaterial science and biodevice engineering. Full article
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10 pages, 2899 KiB  
Article
Study of Surface Mechanical Characteristics of ABS/PC Blends Using Nanoindentation
by Saira Bano, Tanveer Iqbal, Naveed Ramzan and Ujala Farooq
Processes 2021, 9(4), 637; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9040637 - 6 Apr 2021
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 8159
Abstract
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) are considered a well-known class of engineering thermoplastics due to their efficient use in automotive, 3D printing, and electronics. However, improvement in toughness, processability, and thermal stability is achieved by mixing together ABS and PC. The [...] Read more.
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) are considered a well-known class of engineering thermoplastics due to their efficient use in automotive, 3D printing, and electronics. However, improvement in toughness, processability, and thermal stability is achieved by mixing together ABS and PC. The present study focuses on the understanding of surface mechanical characterization of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) blends using nano-indentation. Polymer blends sheets with three different proportions of ABS/PC (75:25, 50:50, and 25:75) were fabricated via melt-processing and thermal press. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed to analyze the intermolecular interactions between the blends’ components. To understand the surface mechanical properties of ABS and PC blends, a sufficient number of nano-indentation tests were performed at a constant loading rate to a maximum load of 100 mN. Creeping effects were observed at the end of loading and start of unloading section. Elastic modulus, indentation hardness, and creep values were measured as a function of penetration displacement in the quasi-continuous stiffness mode (QCSM) indentation. Load-displacement curves indicated an increase in the displacement with the increase in ABS contents while a decreasing trend was observed in the hardness and elastic modulus values as the ABS content was increased. We believe this study would provide an effective pathway for developing new polymer blends with enhanced mechanical performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tailoring Polymeric Materials for Specific Applications)
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27 pages, 1100 KiB  
Review
Theory-Guided Design of Organic Electro-Optic Materials and Devices
by Larry Dalton and Stephanie Benight
Polymers 2011, 3(3), 1325-1351; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym3031325 - 19 Aug 2011
Cited by 62 | Viewed by 11253
Abstract
Integrated (multi-scale) quantum and statistical mechanical theoretical methods have guided the nano-engineering of controlled intermolecular electrostatic interactions for the dramatic improvement of acentric order and thus electro-optic activity of melt-processable organic polymer and dendrimer electro-optic materials. New measurement techniques have permitted quantitative determination [...] Read more.
Integrated (multi-scale) quantum and statistical mechanical theoretical methods have guided the nano-engineering of controlled intermolecular electrostatic interactions for the dramatic improvement of acentric order and thus electro-optic activity of melt-processable organic polymer and dendrimer electro-optic materials. New measurement techniques have permitted quantitative determination of the molecular order parameters, lattice dimensionality, and nanoscale viscoelasticity properties of these new soft matter materials and have facilitated comparison of theoretically-predicted structures and thermodynamic properties with experimentally-defined structures and properties. New processing protocols have permitted further enhancement of material properties and have facilitated the fabrication of complex device structures. The integration of organic electro-optic materials into silicon photonic, plasmonic, and metamaterial device architectures has led to impressive new performance metrics for a variety of technological applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Optical Applications)
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