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Keywords = myringosclerosis

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13 pages, 5947 KiB  
Communication
Numerical Study of Tympanosclerosis Including Its Effect on Human Hearing
by Fernanda Gentil, Marco Parente, Carla Santos, Bruno Areias and Renato Natal Jorge
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1665; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031665 - 28 Jan 2023
Viewed by 3356
Abstract
Tympanosclerosis is an abnormal disorder of the middle ear or only the eardrum (i.e., myringosclerosis) in which there are calcium deposits. Normally, it is caused by recurrent middle ear infections. In this work, a 3D finite element model of the ear was developed, [...] Read more.
Tympanosclerosis is an abnormal disorder of the middle ear or only the eardrum (i.e., myringosclerosis) in which there are calcium deposits. Normally, it is caused by recurrent middle ear infections. In this work, a 3D finite element model of the ear was developed, simulating different cases of tympanosclerosis. Through this model, the magnitude and the phase angle of the umbo and stapes displacement were obtained. The middle ear sound transfer function was determined for a stimulus of 80, 90 and 100 dB SPL, in a frequency range between 100 Hz and 10 kHz, applied on the outer surface of the eardrum in the external auditory canal. Depending on the tympanosclerosis affected area, the main conclusion is that worse results (leading to hearing loss) occur when all of the ossicular chain is affected. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments and Emerging Trends in Biomechanics)
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9 pages, 255 KiB  
Article
Tympanic membrane changes in experimental acute otitis media and myringotomy
by Giedrė Alzbutienė, Ann Hermansson, Per Cayè-Thomasen and Vytenis Kinduris
Medicina 2008, 44(4), 313; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina44040041 - 20 Apr 2008
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1166
Abstract
Objective. The present experimental study explored pathomorphological changes and calcium depositions in the tympanic membrane during experimental acute otitis media caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in myringotomized and nonmyringotomized ears.
Material and methods
. A rat model of experimental acute otitis media caused [...] Read more.
Objective. The present experimental study explored pathomorphological changes and calcium depositions in the tympanic membrane during experimental acute otitis media caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in myringotomized and nonmyringotomized ears.
Material and methods
. A rat model of experimental acute otitis media caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae was employed. Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Four days following middle ear inoculation, a bilateral myringotomy was performed in six randomly selected animals. Another group of 10 animals was inoculated only. On days 4, 7, 14, and 28 after inoculation, two animals from each group were sacrificed. The temporal bones were removed and the tympanic membranes were dissected, followed by paraffin embedding. Adjacent sections were stained with PAS-alcian blue for basic histopathological observations and by von Kossa method for determination of calcium phosphate depositions.
Results. Particularly intense invasion of polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes was seen on day 4 after inoculation. The highest infiltration of macrophages was observed on day 7. The peak number of lymphocytes was seen on day 14. No difference occurred in the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in myringotomized and nonmyringotomized tympanic membranes. The infiltration with lymphocytes and activated macrophages in all parts of the myringotomized tympanic membranes was statistically significantly higher than in the nonmyringotomized animals. The total amount of interstitial calcium phosphate depositions during days 7, 14, and 28 of study was statistically higher in the sections of pars tensa from myringotomized membranes compared to the nonmyringotomized membranes.
Conclusion
. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae-induced acute otitis media and myringotomy provoke more extensive inflammatory reaction with microcalcification in the tympanic membranes. Full article
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