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Open AccessArticle

Blast Loading of Small-Scale Circular RC Columns Using an Explosive-Driven Shock Tube

by Mohamed Ben Rhouma, Azer Maazoun, Aldjabar Aminou, Bachir Belkassem, Ignaas Vandenbruwane, Tine Tysmans and David Lecompte

Buildings 2024, 14(4), 921; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14040921 - 27 Mar 2024

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2577

Abstract

Reinforced concrete (RC) columns, being axial-bearing components in buildings, are susceptible to damage and failure when subjected to blast loading. The failure of these columns can trigger a progressive collapse in targeted buildings. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the failure characteristics of laboratory-scale RC columns subjected to localized blast loading. The columns, with a length of 1500 mm and an outer diameter of 100 mm, are reinforced with 6 mm diameter longitudinal bars and 2 mm diameter steel ties. The blast loading is generated using an explosive-driven shock tube (EDST) positioned in front of the mid-span of the RC columns with a 30 g and 50 g charge. To capture the global response of the RC columns, high-speed stereoscopic DIC is used in addition to LVDTs. Furthermore, an FE model is developed using LS-DYNA R10.0 and validated against the experimental data. The results show that the proposed FE approach is able to reproduce the applied blast loading and the failure characteristics of the columns. The relative difference in column mid-span out-of-plane displacement between the FE model and the average measured data lies below 5%. Finally, the gray correlation method is conducted to assess the influence of various parameters on the blast resistance of the RC columns. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Damage to Civil Engineering Structures)

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20 pages, 6370 KB

Open AccessArticle

Dynamic Behavior of Aluminum Plates Subjected to Sequential Fragment Impact and Blast Loading: An Experimental Study

by Oussama Atoui, Azer Maazoun, Aldjabar Aminou, Bachir Belkassem, Lincy Pyl and David Lecompte

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 3542; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063542 - 10 Mar 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3004

Abstract

This paper presents a study on the dynamic behavior of thin aluminum plates subjected to consecutive fragment impact and blast loading. To this end, two separate experimental setups are used. In the first setup, 2 mm thick aluminum plates

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were subjected to the ballistic impact of fragment-simulating projectiles (FSPs). Experiments were carried out for FSP calibers of 7.62 mm and 12.7 mm considering both single impact and triple impacts with variations in the spacing of the impact locations. The out-of-plane displacement and in-plane strain fields were measured using digital image correlation (DIC) coupled to a pair of high-speed cameras in a stereoscopic setup. In the second setup, a subsequent blast loading was applied to the perforated plates using an explosive-driven shock tube (EDST). After the plates are perforated, the strain field around the holes depended on the caliber, the impact orientation of the FSP, and the distance between the impact locations. When the blast loading was applied, cracks tended to appear in areas of strain concentration between the perforated holes. It was found that the relative distance between the holes significantly influences the target’s response mode. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Explosion Effects in the Built Environment)

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17 pages, 6471 KB

Open AccessArticle

RGB Colour Encoding Improvement for Three-Dimensional Shapes and Displacement Measurement Using the Integration of Fringe Projection and Digital Image Correlation

by Luis Felipe-Sesé, Ángel Jesús Molina-Viedma, Elías López-Alba and Francisco A. Díaz

Sensors 2018, 18(9), 3130; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18093130 - 17 Sep 2018

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5297

Abstract

Three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) has become the most popular full-field optical technique for measuring 3D shapes and displacements in experimental mechanics. The integration of fringe projection (FP) and two-dimensional digital image correlation (FP + DIC) has been recently established as an intelligent low-cost alternative to 3D-DIC, overcoming the drawbacks of a stereoscopic system. Its experimentation is based on the colour encoding of the characterized fringe and speckle patterns required for FP and DIC implementation, respectively. In the present work, innovations in experimentation using FP + DIC for more accurate results are presented. Specifically, they are based on the improvement of the colour pattern encoding. To achieve this, in this work, a multisensor camera and/or laser structural illumination were employed. Both alternatives are analysed and evaluated. Results show that improvements both in three-dimensional and in-plane displacement are obtained with the proposed alternatives. Nonetheless, multisensor high-speed cameras are uncommon, and laser structural illumination is established as an important improvement when low uncertainty is required for 2D-displacement measurement. Hence, the uncertainty has been demonstrated to be reduced by up to 50% compared with results obtained in previous experimental approaches of FP + DIC. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Depth Sensors and 3D Vision)

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