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Keywords = high-silicon spheroidal graphite

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9 pages, 3371 KiB  
Article
Nodule Count, End of Solidification Cooling Rate, and Shrinkage Porosity Correlations in High Silicon Spheroidal Graphite Iron
by Gorka Alonso, Doru Michael Stefanescu, Beñat Bravo, Gorka Zarrabeitia and Ramon Suarez
Minerals 2021, 11(2), 155; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11020155 - 1 Feb 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4012
Abstract
High-silicon spheroidal graphite (SG) irons present higher changes of density during the solidification process when compared to normal SG irons. This special behavior is particularly significant in the last stages of solidification, where the graphite expansion may become insufficient to compensate the contraction [...] Read more.
High-silicon spheroidal graphite (SG) irons present higher changes of density during the solidification process when compared to normal SG irons. This special behavior is particularly significant in the last stages of solidification, where the graphite expansion may become insufficient to compensate the contraction of the austenite and the risk of microporosity formation increases. The goal of this laboratory research was to establish correlations between the different levels of nodule count obtained using five commercial inoculants, the cooling rate at the end of solidification, and the shrinkage porosity propensity. The analysis was conducted on thermal analysis cups that were sectioned and evaluated for microstructure by optical metallography and by 2D analysis with the Image J software to quantify the size of the microporosity region. It was found that a higher nodule count, associated with higher cooling rate at the end of solidification, generates lower porosity. SEM analysis was conducted to study the nature of nuclei. Complex (MgSiAl)N nitrides were found as the main nucleation sites for graphite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystallization and Growth of Graphite)
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27 pages, 5609 KiB  
Article
Chunky Graphite in Low and High Silicon Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons–Occurrence, Control and Effect on Mechanical Properties
by Jon Sertucha, Garikoitz Artola, Urko de La Torre and Jacques Lacaze
Materials 2020, 13(23), 5402; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13235402 - 27 Nov 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3244
Abstract
Chunky graphite appears easily in heavy-section spheroidal graphite cast irons and is known to affect their mechanical properties. A dedicated experiment has been developed to study the effect of the most important chemical variables reported to change the amount of chunky graphite, namely [...] Read more.
Chunky graphite appears easily in heavy-section spheroidal graphite cast irons and is known to affect their mechanical properties. A dedicated experiment has been developed to study the effect of the most important chemical variables reported to change the amount of chunky graphite, namely the content in silicon and in rare earths. Quite unexpectedly, controlled rare earths contents appear beneficial for decreasing chunky graphite when using standard charge materials. Tin is shown to decrease chunky graphite appearance and it is evidenced that this effect is not related to rare earths. Finally, the effect of tin and antimony are compared and it is noticed that both suppress chunky graphite but also lead to some spiky graphite when no rare earth is added. Chunky graphite negatively affects the room temperature mechanical properties, though much more in the case of low silicon spheroidal graphite cast irons than in high silicon ones. Spiky graphite has been found to be much more detrimental and should thus be avoided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure Characterization, Modelling, and Simulation of Metal Deformation, Damage, and Failure)
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