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Keywords = florogenesis

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17 pages, 3075 KiB  
Article
Integrated Genomic and Transcriptomic Elucidation of Flowering in Garlic
by Einat Shemesh-Mayer, Adi Faigenboim, Tomer E. Ben Michael and Rina Kamenetsky-Goldstein
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(22), 13876; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213876 - 10 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2888
Abstract
Commercial cultivars of garlic are sterile, and therefore efficient breeding of this crop is impossible. Recent restoration of garlic fertility has opened new options for seed production and hybridization. Transcriptome catalogs were employed as a basis for garlic genetic studies, and in 2020 [...] Read more.
Commercial cultivars of garlic are sterile, and therefore efficient breeding of this crop is impossible. Recent restoration of garlic fertility has opened new options for seed production and hybridization. Transcriptome catalogs were employed as a basis for garlic genetic studies, and in 2020 the huge genome of garlic was fully sequenced. We provide conjoint genomic and transcriptome analysis of the regulatory network in flowering garlic genotypes. The genome analysis revealed phosphatidylethanolamine-binding proteins (PEBP) and LEAFY (LFY) genes that were not found at the transcriptome level. Functions of TFL-like genes were reduced and replaced by FT-like homologs, whereas homologs of MFT-like genes were not found. The discovery of three sequences of LFY-like genes in the garlic genome and confirmation of their alternative splicing suggest their role in garlic florogenesis. It is not yet clear whether AsLFY1 acts alone as the “pioneer transcription factor” or AsLFY2 also provides these functions. The presence of several orthologs of flowering genes that differ in their expression and co-expression network advocates ongoing evolution in the garlic genome and diversification of gene functions. We propose that the process of fertility deprivation in garlic cultivars is based on the loss of transcriptional functions of the specific genes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Comparative Genomics and Functional Genomics Analysis in Plants)
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17 pages, 3154 KiB  
Article
Shallot Species and Subtypes Discrimination Based on Morphology Descriptors
by Josipa Perković, Nikola Major, Dean Ban, Danko Cvitan and Smiljana Goreta Ban
Plants 2021, 10(1), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10010060 - 29 Dec 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4201
Abstract
Shallots are an edible Alliaceous crop representing a group of genetically and morphologically different species. Shallot species determination is rather complex due to the high variability in phenotypes within a single species. Flower morphology has been successfully employed in shallot species determination; however, [...] Read more.
Shallots are an edible Alliaceous crop representing a group of genetically and morphologically different species. Shallot species determination is rather complex due to the high variability in phenotypes within a single species. Flower morphology has been successfully employed in shallot species determination; however, shallot florogenesis depends upon many genetic and environmental factors. There is a need for more accessible morphological descriptors used in shallot species determination, since flowering in shallot may not be consistent. In this study, we investigated the discriminating power of shallot vegetative and bulb morphology descriptors. European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources morphology descriptors were used for describing 35 Croatian shallot accessions. The proposed methodology based on vegetative and bulb morphological descriptors could be used for shallot species discrimination. Additionally, two subtypes of A. cepa Aggregatum group were identified in this study: the first being the shallot type (1) and a potato onion type (2), which differed based on bulb morphology descriptors (bulb shape, bulb skin color, and a number of bulblets). Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Plant Systematics, Taxonomy, Nomenclature and Classification)
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