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Keywords = flexible ceramic fiber felts

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18 pages, 2169 KiB  
Review
Review of Lightweight, High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Materials for Aerospace
by Qi Zhang, Hongyan Huang, Chaoshuai Lei, Yuanyuan Liu and Wenjing Li
Materials 2025, 18(10), 2383; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102383 - 20 May 2025
Viewed by 1453
Abstract
Lightweight, high-temperature thermal insulation materials play a critical role in aerospace applications, where extreme temperature conditions necessitate lightweight, high-performance solutions. This paper explores advancements in lightweight, high-temperature insulation materials specifically designed for aerospace environments, focusing on innovative flexible ceramic fiber felts, thermal insulation [...] Read more.
Lightweight, high-temperature thermal insulation materials play a critical role in aerospace applications, where extreme temperature conditions necessitate lightweight, high-performance solutions. This paper explores advancements in lightweight, high-temperature insulation materials specifically designed for aerospace environments, focusing on innovative flexible ceramic fiber felts, thermal insulation tiles, nano-insulation materials (aerogels), and multilayer insulations (MLIs). These materials exhibit superior thermal resistance, low density, and durability under dynamic and harsh conditions. Key developments include the integration of nanostructures to enhance thermal conductivity control and improve mechanical stability. This paper also highlights applications in spacecraft thermal protection systems, providing insights into the challenges of future material design strategies. These advancements underscore the growing potential of thermal insulations to improve energy efficiency, safety, and performance in aerospace missions. Full article
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15 pages, 5005 KiB  
Article
Thermal Insulation Efficiency and Mechanisms of Flexible Sandwich Structure
by Yuanzhe Xie, Juan Chen, Shuo Li, Mengxiao Guo and Niansu Jing
Materials 2025, 18(7), 1426; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071426 - 24 Mar 2025
Viewed by 471
Abstract
Thermal insulation layers between batteries are an effective way to reduce the propagation of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries. A flexible composite sandwich structure material has been designed for thermal insulation, featuring mica rolls (MRs) as the protective layers and a ceramic fiber [...] Read more.
Thermal insulation layers between batteries are an effective way to reduce the propagation of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries. A flexible composite sandwich structure material has been designed for thermal insulation, featuring mica rolls (MRs) as the protective layers and a ceramic fiber felt (CFF) as the core layer. Experimental and numerical simulations demonstrate that at a hot-surface temperature of 900 °C, the cold-surface temperature of the sandwich structure with a 0.3 mm MR and 3.0 mm CFF layer is only 175 °C, which is significantly lower than the 350 °C observed for a standalone 3.0 mm CFF layer under the same conditions. The MR layer effectively shields against flames and impedes heat transfer, while the porous structure of the CFF, enhanced by microcracks and holes, increases heat transfer paths and scatters radiated heat. This synergistic interaction between the MR and CFF layers results in a superior thermal insulation performance. The findings highlight the potential of this sandwich structure in improving the safety and thermal management of lithium-ion batteries and other energy storage systems. Full article
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