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Keywords = chondroitin polymerizing factor

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18 pages, 5127 KiB  
Article
Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems: 62 Preparation and Characterization of Alginate/Chondroitin Sulfate Cryostructurates Loaded with Antimicrobial Substances
by Olga I. Vernaya, Andrey N. Ryabev, Tatyana I. Shabatina, Daria L. Karlova, Andrey V. Shabatin, Lyudmila N. Bulatnikova, Alexander M. Semenov, Mikhail Ya. Melnikov and Vladimir I. Lozinsky
Polymers 2022, 14(16), 3271; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14163271 - 11 Aug 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3348
Abstract
Targeted drug release is a significant research focus in the development of drug delivery systems and involves a biocompatible polymeric carrier and certain medicines. Cryostructuring is a suitable approach for the preparation of efficient macroporous carriers for such drug delivery systems. In the [...] Read more.
Targeted drug release is a significant research focus in the development of drug delivery systems and involves a biocompatible polymeric carrier and certain medicines. Cryostructuring is a suitable approach for the preparation of efficient macroporous carriers for such drug delivery systems. In the current study, the cryogenically structured carriers based on alginate/chondroitin sulfate mixtures were prepared and their physicochemical properties and their ability to absorb/release the bactericides were evaluated. The swelling parameters of the polysaccharide matrix, the amount of the tightly bound water in the polymer and the sulfur content were measured. In addition, FTIR and UV spectroscopy, optical and scanning microscopy, as well as a standard disk diffusion method for determining antibacterial activity were used. It was shown that alginate/chondroitin sulfate concentration and their ratios were significant factors influencing the swelling properties and the porosity of the resultant cryostructurates. It was demonstrated that the presence of chondroitin sulfate in the composition of a polymeric matrix slowed down the release of the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin. In the case of the NH2-free bactericide, dioxidine, the release was almost independent of the presence of chondroitin sulfate. This trend was also registered for the antibacterial activity tests against the Escherichia coli bacteria, when examining the drug-loaded biopolymeric carriers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Biopolymers and Biobased Polymers: Chemistry and Engineering)
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16 pages, 5114 KiB  
Article
CHPF Regulates the Aggressive Phenotypes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via the Modulation of the Decorin and TGF-β Pathways
by Chiung-Hui Liu, Bo-Rui Wu, Ying-Jui Ho, Yin-Hung Chu, Wei-Cheng Hsu, To-Jung Tseng, Ju-Pi Li and Wen-Chieh Liao
Cancers 2021, 13(6), 1261; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13061261 - 12 Mar 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3965
Abstract
Aberrant composition of glycans in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and abnormal expression of extracellular matrix proteins are hallmarks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the mechanisms responsible for establishing the TME remain unclear. We demonstrate that the chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF), an enzyme that [...] Read more.
Aberrant composition of glycans in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and abnormal expression of extracellular matrix proteins are hallmarks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the mechanisms responsible for establishing the TME remain unclear. We demonstrate that the chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF), an enzyme that mediates the elongation of chondroitin sulfate (CS), is a critical elicitor of the malignant characteristics of HCC as it modifies the potent tumor suppressor, decorin (DCN). CHPF expression is frequently downregulated in HCC tumors, which is associated with the poor overall survival of HCC patients. We observed that restoring CHPF expression suppressed HCC cell growth, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that TGF-β signaling is associated with CHPF-induced phenotype changes. We found that DCN, as a TGF-β regulator, is modified by CHPF, and that it affects the distribution of DCN on the surface of HCC cells. Importantly, our results confirm that CHPF and DCN expression levels are positively correlated in primary HCC tissues. Taken together, our results suggest that CHPF dysregulation contributes to the malignancy of HCC cells, and our study provides novel insights into the significance of CS, which affects DCN expression in the TME. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hepatobiliary Cancers)
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