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Keywords = chemoreistance

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17 pages, 1216 KiB  
Review
Therapeutic Strategies for Targeting Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells
by Wookyeom Yang, Dasol Kim, Dae Kyoung Kim, Kyung Un Choi, Dong Soo Suh and Jae Ho Kim
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(10), 5059; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22105059 - 11 May 2021
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4723
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a fatal gynecological malignancy. Although first-line chemotherapy and surgical operation are effective treatments for ovarian cancer, its clinical management remains a challenge owing to intrinsic or acquired drug resistance and relapse at local or distal lesions. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) [...] Read more.
Ovarian cancer is a fatal gynecological malignancy. Although first-line chemotherapy and surgical operation are effective treatments for ovarian cancer, its clinical management remains a challenge owing to intrinsic or acquired drug resistance and relapse at local or distal lesions. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells inside tumor tissues, and they can self-renew and differentiate. CSCs are responsible for the cancer malignancy involved in relapses as well as resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. These malignant properties of CSCs are regulated by cell surface receptors and intracellular pluripotency-associated factors triggered by internal or external stimuli from the tumor microenvironment. The malignancy of CSCs can be attenuated by individual or combined restraining of cell surface receptors and intracellular pluripotency-associated factors. Therefore, targeted therapy against CSCs is a feasible therapeutic tool against ovarian cancer. In this paper, we review the prominent roles of cell surface receptors and intracellular pluripotency-associated factors in mediating the stemness and malignancy of ovarian CSCs. Full article
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18 pages, 1991 KiB  
Review
Oxidative Stress and ROS-Mediated Signaling in Leukemia: Novel Promising Perspectives to Eradicate Chemoresistant Cells in Myeloid Leukemia
by Silvia Trombetti, Elena Cesaro, Rosa Catapano, Raffaele Sessa, Alessandra Lo Bianco, Paola Izzo and Michela Grosso
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(5), 2470; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052470 - 28 Feb 2021
Cited by 64 | Viewed by 6951
Abstract
Myeloid leukemic cells are intrinsically under oxidative stress due to impaired reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, a common signature of several hematological malignancies. The present review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of aberrant ROS production in myeloid leukemia cells as well as on [...] Read more.
Myeloid leukemic cells are intrinsically under oxidative stress due to impaired reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, a common signature of several hematological malignancies. The present review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of aberrant ROS production in myeloid leukemia cells as well as on the redox-dependent signaling pathways involved in the leukemogenic process. Finally, the relevance of new chemotherapy options that specifically exert their pharmacological activity by altering the cellular redox imbalance will be discussed as an effective strategy to eradicate chemoresistant cells. Full article
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