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Keywords = axial irradiating scheme

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14 pages, 9270 KB  
Article
Flattening of the Power Distribution in the HTGR Core with Structured Control Rods
by Michał Górkiewicz and Jerzy Cetnar
Energies 2021, 14(21), 7377; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14217377 - 5 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2804
Abstract
Control rods (CRs) have a significant influence on reactor performance. Withdrawal of a control rod leaves a region of the core significantly changed due to lack of absorber, leading to increased fission rate and later to Xe135 buildup. In this paper, an innovative [...] Read more.
Control rods (CRs) have a significant influence on reactor performance. Withdrawal of a control rod leaves a region of the core significantly changed due to lack of absorber, leading to increased fission rate and later to Xe135 buildup. In this paper, an innovative concept of structured control rods made of tungsten is studied. It is demonstrated that the radial division of control rods made of tungsten can effectively compensate for the reactivity loss during the irradiation cycle of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) with a prismatic core while flattening the core power distribution. Implementation of the radial division of control rods enables an operator to reduce this effect in terms of axial power because the absorber is not completely removed from a reactor region, but its amount is reduced. The results obtained from the characteristic evolution of the reactor core for CRs with a structured design in the burnup calculation using the refined timestep scheme show a very stable core evolution with a reasonably low deviation of the power density and Xe135 concentration from the average values. It is very important that all the distributions improve with burnup. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nulcear Energy and Technology)
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11 pages, 1935 KB  
Article
Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Irradiating Schemes in Laser Tube Bending Process
by Mehdi Safari, Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa and Jalal Joudaki
Metals 2021, 11(7), 1123; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11071123 - 15 Jul 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2429
Abstract
The laser tube bending process (LTBP) process is a thermal non-contact process for bending tubes with less springback and less thinning of the tube. In this paper, the laser tube bending process will be studied experimentally. The length of irradiation and irradiation scheme [...] Read more.
The laser tube bending process (LTBP) process is a thermal non-contact process for bending tubes with less springback and less thinning of the tube. In this paper, the laser tube bending process will be studied experimentally. The length of irradiation and irradiation scheme are two main affecting process parameters in the LTBP process. For this purpose, different samples according to two main irradiation schemes (Circular irradiating scheme (CIS) and axial irradiating scheme (AIS)) and different lengths of laser beam irradiation (from 4.7 to 28.2 mm) are fabricated. The main bending angle of laser-bent tube, lateral bending angle, ovality, and thickness variations is measured experimentally, and the effects of the irradiating scheme and the length of irradiation are investigated. An 18 mm diameter, 1 mm thick mild steel tube was bent with 1100 Watts laser beam. The results show that for both irradiating schemes, by increasing the irradiating length of the main and lateral bending angle, the ovality and thickness variation ratio of the bent tube are increased. In addition, for a similar irradiating length, the main bending angle with AIS is considerably higher than CIS. The lateral bending angle by AIS is much less than the lateral bending angle with CIS. The results demonstrate that the ovality percentage and the thickness variation ratio for the laser-bent tube obtained by CIS are much more than the values associated with by AIS laser-bent tube. Full article
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