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The properties of the Caledonian orogeny along the transition belt of the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks have received much attention in recent years. The widespread Early Paleozoic granites provide critical geological clues for unraveling the tectonic evolution and geodynamic processes of the South China Continent (SCC). Here we present new zircon U–Pb chronology, whole-rock major and trace elements, in situ Hf isotopes for Paleozoic granites, i.e., the Wugongshan granites in the northwest Jiangxi province, and aim to explore the magmatism and properties of the Caledonian orogeny involved in their formation. Our new data show that the Wugongshan granites were emplaced during the Early Silurian Period (442–438 Ma). The Paleozoic Wugongshan granites belong to S-type muscovite-bearing peraluminous granites (MPG) and show a single origin. The Wugongshan granites exhibit negative εHf(t) values (−11.56 to −6.19) and TDM2 model ages of 2148–1809 Ma, indicating their derivation from an ancient crustal source, through partial melting of ancient crustal material. The Wugongshan granitic magmatism is probably being generated in an extensional environment related to an intracontinental orogeny setting. It is inferred that the Paleozoic tectonic–magmatic event in the Wugongshan area was associated with the oceanic–continental convergence of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. The Wugongshan granites highlight the intracontinental magmatism in the Early Paleozoic orogeny in the SCC. Full article