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Keywords = Ursus americanus floridanus

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14 pages, 3821 KiB  
Article
Black Bear Behavior and Movements Are Not Definitive Measures of Anthropogenic Food Use
by Don W. Hardeman, Hannah B. Vander Zanden, J. Walter McCown, Brian K. Scheick and Robert A. McCleery
Animals 2023, 13(5), 950; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13050950 - 6 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3144
Abstract
Increasing human–bear conflicts are a growing concern, and managers often assume bears in developed areas are food-conditioned. We examined the relationship between human–bear conflicts and food conditioning by analyzing isotopic values of hair from black bears (Ursus americanus floridanus) involved in [...] Read more.
Increasing human–bear conflicts are a growing concern, and managers often assume bears in developed areas are food-conditioned. We examined the relationship between human–bear conflicts and food conditioning by analyzing isotopic values of hair from black bears (Ursus americanus floridanus) involved in research (n = 34) and conflicts (n = 45). We separated research bears into wild and developed subgroups based on the impervious surface within their home ranges and separated conflict bears based on observations of human food consumption (anthropogenic = observations; management = no observations). We initially assumed wild bears were not food conditioned and anthropogenic bears were. However, using isotopic values, we classified 79% of anthropogenic bears and 8% of wild bears as food conditioned. Next, we assigned these bears to the appropriate food conditioned category and used the categorizations as a training set to classify developed and management bears. We estimated that 53% of management bears and 20% of developed bears were food conditioned. Only 60% of bears captured within or using developed areas showed evidence of food conditioning. We also found that δ13C values were a better predictor of anthropogenic foods in a bear’s diet than δ15N values. Our results indicate that bears in developed areas are not necessarily food conditioned and caution against management actions based on limited observations of bear behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Wildlife)
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