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Keywords = Resonant Acoustic Spectroscopy (RAS)

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22 pages, 2425 KB  
Article
Resonant Acoustic Spectroscopy for Measuring Complex Modulus of Bitumen
by Frederik A. Kollmus, Lucas Sassaki Vieira da Silva and Michael P. Wistuba
Sensors 2026, 26(2), 720; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26020720 - 21 Jan 2026
Abstract
The complex modulus is one of the intrinsic properties of bituminous materials, and, hence, is of importance for their rheological characterization. It was shown by various authors that the complex modulus of asphalt mixtures can be calculated from dynamic modulus measurements using the [...] Read more.
The complex modulus is one of the intrinsic properties of bituminous materials, and, hence, is of importance for their rheological characterization. It was shown by various authors that the complex modulus of asphalt mixtures can be calculated from dynamic modulus measurements using the Resonant Acoustic Spectroscopy (RAS). This paper extends the RAS technique to bitumen. For the purpose of validation, rheological data for the same bitumen are also derived from standard Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) tests, and the master curves resulting from both methods are compared. The laboratory programme comprised a temperature range from −30 °C to 20 °C, and four different bitumens in unaged and aged condition, resulting in 36 different test variants. RAS successfully characterizes the complex modulus of bitumen and reflects temperature and ageing effects, with good agreement to DSR results at low temperatures. At higher temperatures, viscosity and damping introduce deviations, indicating that RAS is effective for modulus evaluation but not sufficient for complete master curve development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acoustic Sensing for Condition Monitoring)
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