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Keywords = PCLU

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22 pages, 6154 KiB  
Article
Per Capita Land Use through Time and Space: A New Database for (Pre)Historic Land-Use Reconstructions
by Chad Hill, Marco Madella, Nicki J. Whitehouse, Carolina Jiménez-Arteaga, Emily Hammer, Jennifer Bates, Lynn Welton, Stefano Biagetti, Johanna Hilpert and Kathleen D. Morrison
Land 2024, 13(8), 1144; https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081144 - 26 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2051
Abstract
Anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) models, commonly used for climate modeling, tend to utilize relatively simplistic models of human interaction with the environment. They have historically relied on unsophisticated assumptions about the temporal and spatial variability of the area needed to support one [...] Read more.
Anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) models, commonly used for climate modeling, tend to utilize relatively simplistic models of human interaction with the environment. They have historically relied on unsophisticated assumptions about the temporal and spatial variability of the area needed to support one person: per capita land use (PCLU). To help refine ALCC models, we used a range of data sources to build a new database that attempts to bring together PCLU data with significant time depth and a global perspective. This new database can provide new nuance for our understanding of the variability in land use among and between time periods and regions, data that will have wide applicability for continued research into past human land use and present land-use change, and can hopefully help improve existing ALCC models. An example is provided, showing the potential impact of new PCLU data on land-use mapping in the Middle East at 6000 BP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Land Use and Land Cover Mapping)
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18 pages, 34654 KiB  
Article
Recombinant Human Clusterin Seals Damage to the Ocular Surface Barrier in a Mouse Model of Ophthalmic Preservative-Induced Epitheliopathy
by Shravan K. Chintala, Jinhong Pan, Sandeep Satapathy, Rebecca Condruti, Zixuan Hao, Pei-wen Liu, Christian F. O’Conner, Joseph T. Barr, Mark R. Wilson, Shinwu Jeong and M. Elizabeth Fini
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(2), 981; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24020981 - 4 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2786
Abstract
There is a significant unmet need for therapeutics to treat ocular surface barrier damage, also called epitheliopathy, due to dry eye and related diseases. We recently reported that the natural tear glycoprotein CLU (clusterin), a molecular chaperone and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, seals and [...] Read more.
There is a significant unmet need for therapeutics to treat ocular surface barrier damage, also called epitheliopathy, due to dry eye and related diseases. We recently reported that the natural tear glycoprotein CLU (clusterin), a molecular chaperone and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, seals and heals epitheliopathy in mice subjected to desiccating stress in a model of aqueous-deficient/evaporative dry eye. Here we investigated CLU sealing using a second model with features of ophthalmic preservative-induced dry eye. The ocular surface was stressed by topical application of the ophthalmic preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAC). Then eyes were treated with CLU and sealing was evaluated immediately by quantification of clinical dye uptake. A commercial recombinant form of human CLU (rhCLU), as well as an rhCLU form produced in our laboratory, designed to be compatible with U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines on current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP), were as effective as natural plasma-derived human CLU (pCLU) in sealing the damaged ocular surface barrier. In contrast, two other proteins found in tears: TIMP1 and LCN1 (tear lipocalin), exhibited no sealing activity. The efficacy and selectivity of rhCLU for sealing of the damaged ocular surface epithelial barrier suggests that it could be of therapeutic value in treating BAC-induced epitheliopathy and related diseases. Full article
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