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Keywords = North-Western Pontic Sea region

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24 pages, 14751 KiB  
Article
Impact of Paleoclimatic Changes on the Cultural and Historical Processes at the Turn of the Late Bronze—Early Iron Ages in the Northern Black Sea Region
by Marianna A. Kulkova, Maya T. Kashuba, Sergey M. Agulnikov, Alexander M. Kulkov, Mikhail A. Streltsov, Maria N. Vetrova and Aurel Zanoci
Heritage 2022, 5(3), 2258-2281; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage5030118 - 19 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3583
Abstract
The Late Bronze Age crisis is one of the most significant events in human history an had occurred in about 1200 BCE. The aridization was one the reasons of a decline of agriculture, migrant expansion and the transition to nomadic style of life. [...] Read more.
The Late Bronze Age crisis is one of the most significant events in human history an had occurred in about 1200 BCE. The aridization was one the reasons of a decline of agriculture, migrant expansion and the transition to nomadic style of life. In Eastern Mediterranean the collapse of the advanced civilizations such as the Mycenaean, Hittite, Canaanite, Akkadian occurred in this time. The reconstruction of cultural-historical processes at the turn of the Bronze-Early Iron Ages and environment during this “critical” period of 13th–9th centuries BCE in the Northern Black Sea region is important for understanding this event. Interdisciplinary investigations of the paleoclimatic reconstructions and the cultural traditions have been carried out at the key archaeological sites located in the North-Western Pontic region (Saharna Mică, Saharna Mare, Glinjeni II-La Șanț, Dikiy Sad sites and Cazaclia necropolis). For reconstruction of paleoclimatic conditions and anthropogenic activity, the methods of geochemical indication of paleoclimatic conditions and radiocarbon dating were applied. The climatic changes in the Dniester basin towards aridization around 11th–9th century’s calBC were a crisis of the Belozerkа culture in the Pontic steppe and the trigger for the spreading of the Cozia-Saharna cultural communities into the forest-steppe zone and the formation of fortified settlements the Saharna Miča, the Saharna Mare and the Glinjeni II-La Șanț. Full article
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23 pages, 47898 KiB  
Article
Pottery of Early Iron Age from the Glinjeni II-La Șanț (North-Western Pontic Sea Region): Composition, Technology and Raw Material Sources
by Marianna A. Kulkova, Maya T. Kashuba, Aleksandr M. Kulkov and Maria N. Vetrova
Heritage 2021, 4(4), 2853-2875; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage4040160 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2523
Abstract
Transition to the Early Iron Age was marked by the appearance of innovations such as iron technology and changes in the lifestyle of local societies on the territory of the North-Western Pontic Sea region. One of the most interesting sites of this period [...] Read more.
Transition to the Early Iron Age was marked by the appearance of innovations such as iron technology and changes in the lifestyle of local societies on the territory of the North-Western Pontic Sea region. One of the most interesting sites of this period is the Glinjeni II-La Șanț fortified settlement, located in the Middle Dniester basin (Republic of Moldova). Materials of different cultural traditions belonged to the Cozia-Saharna culture (10th–9th cc. BC) and the Basarabi-Șoldănești culture (8th–beginning of 7th cc. BC) were found on this site. The article presents the results of a multidisciplinary approach to the study of ceramic sherds from these archaeological complexes and cultural layers as well as raw clay sources from this area. The archaeometry analysis, such as the XRF-WD, the thin section analysis, SEM-EDX of ceramics, m-CT of pottery were carried out. The study of ancient pottery through a set of mineralogical and geochemical analytic methods allowed us to obtain new results about ceramic technology in different chronological periods, ceramic paste recipes and firing conditions. Correlation of archaeological and archaeometry data of ceramics from the Glinjeni II-La Șanț site gives us the possibility to differ earlier and later chronological markers in the paste recipes of pottery of 10th–beginning of 7th cc. BC in the region of the Middle Dniester basin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemistry for Cultural Heritage)
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