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Keywords = Non-allelic (ectopic) gene conversion

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3 pages, 46 KiB  
Editorial
Special Issue: Gene Conversion in Duplicated Genes
by Hideki Innan
Genes 2011, 2(2), 394-396; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes2020394 - 17 Jun 2011
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 5853
Abstract
Gene conversion is an outcome of recombination, causing non-reciprocal transfer of a DNA fragment. Several decades later than the discovery of crossing over, gene conversion was first recognized in fungi when non-Mendelian allelic distortion was observed. Gene conversion occurs when a double-strand break [...] Read more.
Gene conversion is an outcome of recombination, causing non-reciprocal transfer of a DNA fragment. Several decades later than the discovery of crossing over, gene conversion was first recognized in fungi when non-Mendelian allelic distortion was observed. Gene conversion occurs when a double-strand break is repaired by using homologous sequences in the genome. In meiosis, there is a strong preference to use the orthologous region (allelic gene conversion), which causes non-Mendelian allelic distortion, but paralogous or duplicated regions can also be used for the repair (inter-locus gene conversion, also referred to as non-allelic and ectopic gene conversion). The focus of this special issue is the latter, interlocus gene conversion; the rate is lower than allelic gene conversion but it has more impact on phenotype because more drastic changes in DNA sequence are involved. [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Conversion in Duplicated Genes)
21 pages, 337 KiB  
Review
Gene Duplication and Ectopic Gene Conversion in Drosophila
by J. Roman Arguello and Tim Connallon
Genes 2011, 2(1), 131-151; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes2010131 - 11 Feb 2011
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 9606
Abstract
The evolutionary impact of gene duplication events has been a theme of Drosophila genetics dating back to the Morgan School. While considerable attention has been placed on the genetic novelties that duplicates are capable of introducing, and the role that positive selection plays [...] Read more.
The evolutionary impact of gene duplication events has been a theme of Drosophila genetics dating back to the Morgan School. While considerable attention has been placed on the genetic novelties that duplicates are capable of introducing, and the role that positive selection plays in their early stages of duplicate evolution, much less attention has been given to the potential consequences of ectopic (non-allelic) gene conversion on these evolutionary processes. In this paper we consider the historical origins of ectopic gene conversion models and present a synthesis of the current Drosophila data in light of several primary questions in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Conversion in Duplicated Genes)
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20 pages, 492 KiB  
Review
Gene Conversion in Angiosperm Genomes with an Emphasis on Genes Duplicated by Polyploidization
by Xi-Yin Wang and Andrew H. Paterson
Genes 2011, 2(1), 1-20; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes2010001 - 10 Jan 2011
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 9958
Abstract
Angiosperm genomes differ from those of mammals by extensive and recursive polyploidizations. The resulting gene duplication provides opportunities both for genetic innovation, and for concerted evolution. Though most genes may escape conversion by their homologs, concerted evolution of duplicated genes can last for [...] Read more.
Angiosperm genomes differ from those of mammals by extensive and recursive polyploidizations. The resulting gene duplication provides opportunities both for genetic innovation, and for concerted evolution. Though most genes may escape conversion by their homologs, concerted evolution of duplicated genes can last for millions of years or longer after their origin. Indeed, paralogous genes on two rice chromosomes duplicated an estimated 60–70 million years ago have experienced gene conversion in the past 400,000 years. Gene conversion preserves similarity of paralogous genes, but appears to accelerate their divergence from orthologous genes in other species. The mutagenic nature of recombination coupled with the buffering effect provided by gene redundancy, may facilitate the evolution of novel alleles that confer functional innovations while insulating biological fitness of affected plants. A mixed evolutionary model, characterized by a primary birth-and-death process and occasional homoeologous recombination and gene conversion, may best explain the evolution of multigene families. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Conversion in Duplicated Genes)
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