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Keywords = Niaprazine

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19 pages, 5230 KiB  
Article
Development and Characterization of Niaprazine-Loaded Xanthan Gum-Based Gel for Oral Administration
by Elena Giuliano, Emanuela Longo, Agnese Gagliardi, Silvia Costa, Federica Squillace, Silvia Voci, Mario Verdiglione and Donato Cosco
Gels 2025, 11(2), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11020101 - 1 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1057
Abstract
Niaprazine is a sedative-hypnotic drug initially developed as an antihistamine and used for its notable sedative effects, particularly in children. Following its withdrawal from the market by the producer, the drug has been administered as magistral formulations available in syrup form, but there [...] Read more.
Niaprazine is a sedative-hypnotic drug initially developed as an antihistamine and used for its notable sedative effects, particularly in children. Following its withdrawal from the market by the producer, the drug has been administered as magistral formulations available in syrup form, but there are several important disadvantages to this, including instability, taste issues, lack of controlled release, and the potential for unreliable dosing due to incomplete swallowing. There is also an increased risk of dental caries, as well as the fact that these formulations are not suitable for children who suffer from diabetes. The purpose of the current investigation is to prepare and characterize xanthan gum-based gels for the oral administration of niaprazine. Niaprazine gels appear as transparent-whiteish, non-sticky substances, with the drug uniformly dispersed throughout the systems. They are also stable over time. Dynamic rheology revealed their advantageous shear-thinning properties, which enable the formulation to be flexibly dosed orally through administration via syringe. During experimentation, the evaluation of the mucoadhesion features and the in vitro drug release profile were also performed. The results demonstrate that the formulation may represent an alternative to niaprazine syrup, allowing easy preparation, administration, and increased compliance in various categories of patients, including pediatric. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Gel Materials for Bioengineering)
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17 pages, 3991 KiB  
Article
Unveiling Niaprazine’s Potential: Behavioral Insights into a Re-Emerging Anxiolytic Agent
by Hanna Trebesova, Martina Monaco, Sara Baldassari, Giorgia Ailuno, Edilio Lancellotti, Gabriele Caviglioli, Anna Maria Pittaluga and Massimo Grilli
Biomedicines 2024, 12(9), 2087; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12092087 - 12 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1483
Abstract
Ongoing global research actions seek to comprehensively understand the adverse impact of stress and anxiety on the physical and mental health of both human beings and animals. Niaprazine (NIA) is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of piperazine derivatives. This compound [...] Read more.
Ongoing global research actions seek to comprehensively understand the adverse impact of stress and anxiety on the physical and mental health of both human beings and animals. Niaprazine (NIA) is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of piperazine derivatives. This compound has recently gained renewed attention due to its potential therapeutic properties for treating certain conditions such as anxiety. Despite its potential benefits, the behavioral effects of NIA have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to examine NIA’s potential as an anti-anxiety and anti-stress agent. After administering either vehicle or NIA in their drinking water to mice for 14 days, we conducted behavioral analyses using the Marble Burying Test and the Elevated Plus Maze test. NIA-treated mice spend more time in the open arms and bury fewer marbles. Moreover, a stability study confirmed the linear relationship between NIA concentration and its response across concentrations encompassing the NIA mother solution and the NIA solutions administered to mice. Also, a preliminary synaptic toxicity analysis showed no direct damage to cortical nerve endings. Here, we show that NIA can modulate anxiety-related behaviors without significantly impacting exploratory activity or adverse effects. Our work describes new findings that contribute to the research on safer and more tolerable anxiety management options. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Drug Discovery, Development and Delivery)
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