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Keywords = Neuropad

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11 pages, 394 KiB  
Article
High Diagnostic Performance of the Indicator Plaster Neuropad for the Detection of Established Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy
by Ioanna Zografou, Panagiotis Doukelis, Theocharis Koufakis, Evangelia Kotzakioulafi, Polykarpos Evripidou, Zisis Kontoninas, Christos Savopoulos, Michael Doumas, Triantafyllos Didangelos and Konstantinos Kantartzis
Diabetology 2025, 6(6), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology6060055 - 11 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of the Indicator Plaster Neuropad in detecting established Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy (DAN). Methods: We studied 180 patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM, mean age 49.5 ± 16 years, 82 with [...] Read more.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of the Indicator Plaster Neuropad in detecting established Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy (DAN). Methods: We studied 180 patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM, mean age 49.5 ± 16 years, 82 with DM type 1). All patients underwent the following Cardiovascular Reflex Tests (CARTs): R-R variation during deep breathing (Mean Circular Resultant (MCR) and standard deviation (SD)), Valsalva maneuver, R-R variability after a rapid change from lying to standing position and postural hypotension. The presence of DAN was established if ≥2 CARTs were abnormal. According to the result the patients were divided into two groups, one with DAN and one without DAN. Assessment with Neuropad was performed also in all patients. Results: Abnormal perspiration with Neuropad (uncompleted or no change in color) was detected in 94 patients. Established DAN was detected in 85 patients. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Neuropad for the diagnosis of established DAN were 87.1%, 78.9% and 82.8%, respectively and area under the curve was 0.846 and 95% CI (0.787, 0.905). Conclusions: Neuropad has high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in detecting established DAN, as defined by ≥2 abnormal CARTs. Full article
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