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Keywords = K-edge subtraction imaging

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16 pages, 5667 KiB  
Article
Crystal Analyzer Based Multispectral Microtomography Using CCD-Sensor
by Maxim Grigoriev, Denis Zolotov, Anastasia Ingacheva, Alexey Buzmakov, Irina Dyachkova, Victor Asadchikov and Marina Chukalina
Sensors 2023, 23(14), 6389; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146389 - 14 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1463
Abstract
To solve the problems of spectral tomography, an X-ray optical scheme was proposed, using a crystal analyzer in Laue geometry between the sample and the detector, which allowed for the selection of predetermined pairs of wavelengths from the incident polychromatic radiation to obtain [...] Read more.
To solve the problems of spectral tomography, an X-ray optical scheme was proposed, using a crystal analyzer in Laue geometry between the sample and the detector, which allowed for the selection of predetermined pairs of wavelengths from the incident polychromatic radiation to obtain projection images. On a laboratory X-ray microtomography setup, an experiment was carried out for the first time where a mixture of micro-granules of sodium chloride NaCl, silver behenate AgC22H43O2, and lithium niobate LiNbO3 was used as a test sample to identify their spatial arrangement. The elements were chosen based on the presence of absorption edges in two of the elements in the energy range of the polychromatic spectrum of the probing radiation. The method of projection distortion correction was used to preprocess the obtained projections. To interpret the obtained reconstruction results, the segmentation method based on the analysis of joint histograms was used. This allowed us to identify each of the three substances. To compare the results obtained, additional “reference” tomographic measurements were performed: one in polychromatic and two in monochromatic (MoKα-, MoKβ-lines) modes. It took three times less time for the tomographic experiment with the crystal analyzer, while the reconstruction accuracy was comparable to that of the “reference” tomography. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Sensing and Evaluating Technology in Nondestructive Testing)
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21 pages, 1053 KiB  
Article
Dual-Energy X-ray Medical Imaging with Inverse Compton Sources: A Simulation Study
by Gianfranco Paternò, Paolo Cardarelli, Mauro Gambaccini and Angelo Taibi
Crystals 2020, 10(9), 834; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10090834 - 18 Sep 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4182
Abstract
It has been long recognized that dual-energy imaging could help to enhance the detectability of lesions in diagnostic radiology, by removing the contrast of surrounding tissues. Furthermore, X-ray attenuation is material specific and information about the object constituents can be extracted for tissue [...] Read more.
It has been long recognized that dual-energy imaging could help to enhance the detectability of lesions in diagnostic radiology, by removing the contrast of surrounding tissues. Furthermore, X-ray attenuation is material specific and information about the object constituents can be extracted for tissue characterisation, i.e., to assess whether lesions represent a malignant or benign process. However, a true separation between the low and high energy components is not possible with conventional sources because of their broad X-ray spectrum, and the artifacts produced in the subtracted image can be only partially removed. Finally, dose issues have also prevented so far the application of dual-energy techniques within the clinical context. Very recently, a new intense and monochromatic X-ray source was proposed to fill the gap between a synchrotron radiation facility and the standard X-ray tube. Indeed, inverse Compton scattering (ICS) sources, which are based on the interaction of a powerful laser beam and a bright beam of relativistic electrons, are among the most promising innovative sources of monochromatic X and gamma radiation. In this contribution, we review the main features that allow an ICS source to meet the requirements of a medical imaging application. Specific examples of K-edge subtraction are then provided, to show the potential of ICS in clinical applications that require intravenous injection of a contrast medium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Novel Dual Energy X-ray Imaging Methods)
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