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In the context of global climate change and urbanization, enhancing the resilience of rural tourism is crucial for achieving rural revitalization and fostering sustainable development. This study uses Hala New Village in Heilongjiang Province, China, as a case study to analyze the dynamic stages of tourism resilience development and its evolutionary mechanisms, applying the Actor Network Theory to provide strategies for enhancing rural tourism resilience. The study finds the following: (1) The evolution of tourism resilience in Hala New Village has progressed through three phases: the budding and vulnerability phase, the groping and resistance phase, and the optimization and adaptation phase. (2) The turnover of key actors, the change of actor types, the complexity of translation processes, and the integration and innovation of business models are the surface mechanisms driving the evolution of rural tourism resilience. (3) The deep mechanisms underlying this evolution are shaped by the synergistic effects of various internal and external factors, such as the national rural development strategy, environmental emergencies, market-driven changes in tourist demand following COVID-19, external capital interventions, and the inherent potential of Hala New Village’s natural and cultural environment. This study not only advances theoretical research on rural tourism resilience and actor networks but also offers practical insights for regions worldwide where rural tourism remains underdeveloped. Full article