Search Results (2)

This study explores global research trends, regional challenges, and methodological approaches in food–water–energy (FWE) nexus research within agricultural contexts from 2000 to 2024. A bibliometric analysis of 929 articles indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus was conducted. A sharp increase in research output has been observed after 2014, with the United States and China identified as dominant contributors. European countries have been recognized as key connectors in international research networks. Thematic evolution indicates a transition from foundational concepts to more advanced approaches, incorporating machine learning, optimization techniques, and circular economy strategies. Regional disparities in research capacity and thematic focus have been highlighted, influenced by differing resource constraints and socio-economic conditions. The energy dimension of the nexus has consistently been identified as a cross-cutting challenge, primarily due to increasing energy demands in agriculture. Methodological preferences have been found to vary across regions: scenario analysis is emphasized in North America, optimization models are commonly applied in East Asia, and stakeholder-centered approaches are more prevalent in developing regions. These findings suggest a need for enhanced international collaboration, greater methodological diversity, and stronger engagement with underrepresented regions, particularly South and Southeast Asia and Africa. Strengthening the FWE nexus framework through inclusive and adaptive research strategies is essential for promoting sustainable agricultural management under increasing global resource pressures. Full article

Systems models of the Food–Water–Energy (FWE) nexus face a conceptual difficulty: the systematic integration of local stakeholder perspectives into a coherent framework for analysis. We present a novel procedure to co-produce and systematize the real-life complexity of stakeholder knowledge and forge it into a clear-cut set of challenges. These are clustered into the Pressure–State–Response (PSIR) framework, which ultimately guides the development of a conceptual systems model closely attuned to the needs of local stakeholders. We apply this approach to the case of the emerging megacity Pune and the Bhima basin in India. Through stakeholder workshops, involving 75 resource users and experts, we identified 22 individual challenges. They include exogenous pressures, such as climate change and urbanization, and endogenous pressures, such as agricultural groundwater over-abstraction and land use change. These pressures alter the Bhima basin’s system state, characterized by inefficient water and energy supply systems and regional scarcity. The consequent impacts on society encompass the inadequate provision with food, water, and energy and livelihood challenges for farmers in the basin. An evaluation of policy responses within the conceptual systems model shows the complex cause–effect interactions between nexus subsystems. One single response action, such as the promotion of solar farming, can affect multiple challenges. The resulting concise picture of the regional FWE system serves resource users, policymakers, and researchers to evaluate long-term policies within the context of the urban FWE system. While the presented results are specific to the case study, the approach can be transferred to any other FWE nexus system. Full article