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Keywords = BNT 162 vaccine

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7 pages, 857 KiB  
Brief Report
Antibody Response After a Fifth Dose (Third Booster) of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Healthcare Workers
by Esther Saiag, Ronni Gamzu, Hagit Padova, Yael Paran, Ilana Goldiner, Neta Cohen and David Bomze
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(21), 6538; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13216538 - 31 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1198
Abstract
Although a fourth dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was shown to be effective, the immunogenicity of a fifth dose in immunocompetent individuals had not been well described. This was a prospective observational cohort study of previously vaccinated healthcare workers at a single tertiary hospital [...] Read more.
Although a fourth dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was shown to be effective, the immunogenicity of a fifth dose in immunocompetent individuals had not been well described. This was a prospective observational cohort study of previously vaccinated healthcare workers at a single tertiary hospital in Israel. Individuals were administered up to three booster doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (i.e., up to five overall doses), during the period between July 2021 and January 2023. Immunogenicity was assessed using the SARS-CoV-2 IgG (sCOVG) semi-quantitative assay, performed at several time points. The cohort consisted of 162 individuals (median age 69 years, 62% female). Of these, 104 (64%) received four doses and 58 (36%) received five doses. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels increased in all cases, regardless of the baseline levels. The fold-change increase in the mean sCOVG index was 29.2 (SD 2.6) after the third vaccine, 3.8 (SD 2.4) after the fourth vaccine, and 3.6 (SD 3.0) after the fifth vaccine. A waning effect over time was seen in 78% and 43% of participants for the third and fourth doses, respectively. Adverse events following the fifth dose were limited and mild. Similar to previous booster vaccines, a fifth dose of BNT162b2 is immunogenic and safe in healthy individuals, although the clinical implications remain unclear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Infectious Diseases)
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17 pages, 874 KiB  
Review
Assessment of the Immune Response in Patients with Insulin Resistance, Obesity, and Diabetes to COVID-19 Vaccination
by Jędrzej Warpechowski, Paula Leszczyńska, Dominika Juchnicka, Adam Olichwier, Łukasz Szczerbiński and Adam Jacek Krętowski
Vaccines 2023, 11(7), 1203; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071203 - 5 Jul 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3311
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-19 pandemic overwhelmed multiple healthcare systems across the world. Patients with underlying medical conditions such as obesity or diabetes were particularly vulnerable, had more severe symptoms, and were more frequently hospitalized. To date, there have been many studies on the severity of [...] Read more.
The SARS-CoV-19 pandemic overwhelmed multiple healthcare systems across the world. Patients with underlying medical conditions such as obesity or diabetes were particularly vulnerable, had more severe symptoms, and were more frequently hospitalized. To date, there have been many studies on the severity of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with metabolic disorders, but data on the efficiency of vaccines against COVID-19 are still limited. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in individuals with diabetes, insulin resistance, and obesity. A comparison is made between the immune response after vaccination in patients with and without metabolic comorbidities. Additionally, an attempt is made to highlight the mechanisms of immune stimulation affected by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and how metabolic comorbidities modulate these mechanisms. The focus is on the most common COVID-19 vaccines, which include mRNA vaccines such as Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, as well as viral vector vaccines such as AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson. Furthermore, an effort is made to clarify how the functional differences between these vaccines may impact the response in individuals with metabolic disorders, drawing from available experimental data. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the post-vaccination response to COVID-19 in the context of metabolic comorbidities such as diabetes, insulin resistance, and obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 Vaccines and Immune Response)
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11 pages, 579 KiB  
Article
Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Mothers and Neonates after Vaccination during Pregnancy
by Antônio Oliveira da Silva Filho, Daniel Nazário Gonçalves, Letícia Karina Ramos de Lima, Dâmocles Aurélio Nascimento da Silva Alves, Felipe José de Andrade Falcão and Rosângela Estevão Alves Falcão
Vaccines 2023, 11(3), 620; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030620 - 9 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1779
Abstract
Background: Maternal vaccination is safe and provides protection against COVID-19 in mothers and neonates, and it is necessary to evaluate its effect on the induction of immune responses through the levels of neutralizing antibodies present in maternal and neonatal blood. Methods: An observational [...] Read more.
Background: Maternal vaccination is safe and provides protection against COVID-19 in mothers and neonates, and it is necessary to evaluate its effect on the induction of immune responses through the levels of neutralizing antibodies present in maternal and neonatal blood. Methods: An observational study with transversal analysis was carried out. Included in the research were neonates (<1 month) whose mothers had been immunized whilst pregnant with at least one dose of the vaccine BNT16b and had not shown any symptoms of COVID-19. The blood of the mothers and newborns was collected during the Guthrie test and sent to the laboratory for the detection of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Results: A total of 162 pairs of mothers and neonates were analyzed with an average age of 26.3 ± 5.97 years and 13.4 ± 6.90 days, respectively. All samples collected present neutralizing antibodies with an average percentage of 91% in the mothers and 92% in the neonates. The most satisfactory immune response was observed in neonates and mothers vaccinated during the second trimester of gestation. Conclusions: The vaccination of expectant mothers with the immunizer BNT162b2 has promoted a robust immunological response in both the mothers and the neonates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibody Response of Vaccines to SARS-CoV-2)
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