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Keywords = Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.

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16 pages, 6424 KiB  
Article
Mutual Water Supply Existed Between the Root Systems of Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. and Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. Under Extreme Drought Stress
by Aihong Fu, Yuhai Yang, Chenggang Zhu and Zhaoxia Ye
Forests 2025, 16(3), 482; https://doi.org/10.3390/f16030482 - 10 Mar 2025
Viewed by 507
Abstract
To explain one of the reasons why two adjacent deep-rooted desert plants can coexist over long periods, mutual water supply between species was investigated. The study focused on δD and δ18O stable isotopic characteristics of root water and soil water near [...] Read more.
To explain one of the reasons why two adjacent deep-rooted desert plants can coexist over long periods, mutual water supply between species was investigated. The study focused on δD and δ18O stable isotopic characteristics of root water and soil water near the roots of Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. and Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. in the Tarim River Basin in China during the growing season. The direct comparison method and the Mix SIAR model were employed to analyze the water sources of the plants and the contribution rates of each water source. A similarity proportional index was used to assess the hydraulic connections between plant species. The water sources of T. ramosissima and A. sparsifolia were soil water found at depths of 40 to 90 cm and 220 to 300 cm (a total contribution rate of 58.85%) and 130 to 190 and 240 to 300 cm (a total contribution rate of 81.35%) with groundwater depths of 2.5 to 3.0 m, respectively. When the groundwater depth increased to 4 m, the water sources for both T. ramosissima and A. sparsifolia were soil water at depths of 20 to 100 (a contribution rate of 70.60%) and 20 to 120 cm (a contribution rate of 49.60%), respectively. Both A. sparsifolia and T. ramosissima could lift water from deep soil or groundwater for their own growth needs and supply some water to each other, which suggests that desert plants were allowed to achieve mutual benefits and coexistence through hydraulic connections. These results enrich the theoretical understanding of desert plant coexistence and provide a scientific basis for desert vegetation restoration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Forest Hydrology)
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18 pages, 6546 KiB  
Article
Different Responses of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Three Typical Vegetations following Nitrogen Deposition in an Arid Desert
by Zhihao Zhang, Gangliang Tang, Xutian Chai, Bo Liu, Xiaopeng Gao, Fanjiang Zeng, Yun Wang and Bo Zhang
Microorganisms 2023, 11(10), 2471; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11102471 - 1 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2075
Abstract
The effects of increased nitrogen (N) deposition on desert ecosystems have been extensively studied from a plant community perspective. However, the response of soil microbial communities, which play a crucial role in nutrient cycling, to N inputs and plant community types remains poorly [...] Read more.
The effects of increased nitrogen (N) deposition on desert ecosystems have been extensively studied from a plant community perspective. However, the response of soil microbial communities, which play a crucial role in nutrient cycling, to N inputs and plant community types remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a two-year N-addition experiment with five gradients (0, 10, 30, 60, and 120 kg N ha−1 year−1) to evaluate the effect of increased N deposition on soil bacterial and fungal communities in three plant community types, namely, Alhagi sparsifolia Shap., Karelinia caspia (Pall.) Less. monocultures and their mixed community in a desert steppe located on the southern edge of the Taklimakan Desert, Northwest China. Our results indicate that N deposition and plant community types exerted an independent and significant influence on the soil microbial community. Bacterial α-diversity and community dissimilarity showed a unimodal pattern with peaks at 30 and 60 kg N ha−1 year−1, respectively. By contrast, fungal α-diversity and community dissimilarity did not vary significantly with increased N inputs. Furthermore, plant community type significantly altered microbial community dissimilarity. The Mantel test and redundancy analysis indicated that soil pH and total and inorganic N (NH4+ and NO3) levels were the most critical factors regulating soil microbial communities. Similar to the patterns observed in taxonomic composition, fungi exhibit stronger resistance to N addition compared to bacteria in terms of their functionality. Overall, our findings suggest that the response of soil microbial communities to N deposition is domain-specific and independent of desert plant community diversity, and the bacterial community has a critical threshold under N enrichment in arid deserts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Soil Microbiome 2.0)
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17 pages, 4649 KiB  
Article
Effects of Leaf Hydrophilicity and Stomatal Regulation on Foliar Water Uptake Capacity of Desert Plants
by Huimin Wang, Zhoukang Li and Jianjun Yang
Forests 2023, 14(3), 551; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14030551 - 10 Mar 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2277
Abstract
Foliar water uptake (FWU) is one of the primary water sources for desert plants. Desert plants’ water uptake capacity is essential in maintaining the balance of carbon and water. However, there are few studies on FWU capacity in desert plants and the physiological [...] Read more.
Foliar water uptake (FWU) is one of the primary water sources for desert plants. Desert plants’ water uptake capacity is essential in maintaining the balance of carbon and water. However, there are few studies on FWU capacity in desert plants and the physiological and ecological characteristics that lead to differences in FWU capacity. In order to clarify FWU strategies and the influencing factors of plants in desert ecosystems, this study measured the contact angle, FWU parameters, and hydraulic parameters to explore six desert plants’ FWU capacity and the effects of leaf wettability and hydraulic parameters on FWU capacity. The results showed that all six plants had FWU capacity, among which the leaves of Nitraria sibirica Pall. and Halimodendron halodendron (Pall.) Voss had a high foliar water uptake rate (k) and high foliar water uptake accumulation (FWU storage), and the leaves of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. had a high k and low FWU storage. The leaves of Populus euphratica Oliv., Apocynum hendersonii Hook. f., and Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. had a low k and low FWU storage. Additionally, FWU capacity was mainly affected by stomatal regulation compared with leaf wettability and leaf structure. The results of this study will help to improve the understanding of the physiological and ecological adaptability of desert plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Adaptation to Extreme Environments in Drylands—Series II)
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14 pages, 2564 KiB  
Article
Alhagi sparsifolia Harbors a Different Root-Associated Mycobiome during Different Development Stages
by Zhihao Zhang, Xutian Chai, Yanju Gao, Bo Zhang, Yan Lu, Yi Du, Yulin Zhang, Ya Ding, Akash Tariq, Abd Ullah, Xiangyi Li and Fanjiang Zeng
Microorganisms 2022, 10(12), 2376; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10122376 - 30 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1904
Abstract
The mycobiome in the rhizosphere and within the roots benefits the nutrition and function of host plants. However, compared with the bacterial community, root-associated mycobiomes of desert plants and the forces that drive their assemblage are limited. Here, we investigated the mycobiomes in [...] Read more.
The mycobiome in the rhizosphere and within the roots benefits the nutrition and function of host plants. However, compared with the bacterial community, root-associated mycobiomes of desert plants and the forces that drive their assemblage are limited. Here, we investigated the mycobiomes in bulk soil, rhizosphere, and root compartments of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap., a phreatophyte species dominating in Central Asia. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene phylogenetic profiles displayed significantly diverse mycobiomes across three compartments and host growth times, together explaining 31.45% of the variation in the community composition. The community structure of the perennial stage was markedly different from that of other stages (30 days to 2 years old). Along the soil–plant continuum, the α-diversity (estimated by Chao1) decreased gradually, while concomitantly increasing the community dissimilarity and the influence of edaphic factors. Specific leaf area, soil water content, and soil organic matter levels were common factors driving the composition of the three mycobiome communities. A more complex and connected network was observed in the root community compared with the other compartments. Overall, our work suggests that an age-sensitive host effect restructured the desert-plant-root-associated mycobiome, and that edaphic factors and host growth strategy may play potential roles in this process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Microbiology)
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