Search Results (3)

Caloric cooling systems are potentially more efficient than systems based on vapour compression. Electrocaloric cooling systems use a phase transformation from the paraelectric to the ferroelectric state by applying or removing an electric field to pump heat. Lead scandium tantalate (PST) materials show a first-order phase transition and are one of the most promising candidates for electrocaloric cooling. To model caloric cooling systems, accurate and thermodynamically consistent material models are required. In this study, we use a phenomenological model based on an analytical equation for the specific heat capacity to describe the material behaviour of bulk PST material. This model is fitted to the experimental data, showing a very good agreement. Based on this model, essential material properties such as the adiabatic temperature change and isothermal entropy change of this material can be calculated. Full article

Lead scandium tantalate, Pb(Sc,Ta)O₃, is an excellent electrocaloric material showing large temperature variations, good efficiency, and a broad operating temperature window. In form of multilayer ceramic capacitors integrated into a cooling device, the device can generate a temperature difference larger than 13 K. Here, we investigate Pb(Sc,Ta)O₃ in form of thin films prepared using the sol–gel chemical solution deposition method. We report the detailed fabrication process of high-quality films on various substrates such as c-sapphire and fused silica. The main originality of this research is the use of interdigitated top electrodes, enabling the application of very large electric fields in PST. We provide structural and electrical characterisation, as well as electrocaloric temperature variation, using the Maxwell relation approach. Films do not show a B-site ordering. The temperature variation from 7.2 to 15.7 K was measured on the Pb(Sc,Ta)O₃ film on a c-sapphire substrate under the electric field of 1330 kV/cm between 14.5 °C and 50 °C. This temperature variation is the highest reported so far in Pb(Sc,Ta)O₃ thin films. Moreover, stress seems to have an effect on the maximum permittivity temperature and thus electrocaloric temperature variation with temperature in Pb(Sc,Ta)O₃ films. Tensile stress induced by fused silica shifts the “transition” of Pb(Sc,Ta)O₃ to lower temperatures. This study shows the possibility for electrocaloric temperature variation tuning with stress conditions. Full article

We deposited transparent ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate thin films on fused silica and contacted them via Al-doped zinc oxide (AZO) transparent electrodes with an interdigitated electrode (IDE) design. These layers, together with a TiO₂ buffer layer on the fused silica substrate, are highly transparent (>60% in the visible optical range). Fully crystallized Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃ (PZT) films are dielectrically functional and exhibit a typical ferroelectric polarization loop with a remanent polarization of 15 μC/cm². The permittivity value of 650, obtained with IDE AZO electrodes is equivalent to the one measured with Pt electrodes patterned with the same design, which proves the high quality of the developed transparent structures. Full article