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Authors = Arumugam Veera Ravi

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17 pages, 3601 KiB  
Article
Ocimum sanctum as a Source of Quorum Sensing Inhibitors to Combat Antibiotic Resistance of Human and Aquaculture Pathogens
by Sybiya Vasantha Packiavathy Issac Abraham, Veera Ravi Arumugam, Nancy Immaculate Mary, Jeba Sweetly Dharmadhas, Rajamanikandan Sundararaj, Arul Ananth Devanesan, Ramachandran Rajamanickam, Raja Veerapandian, John Paul John Bosco and Jeyapragash Danaraj
Life 2024, 14(7), 785; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14070785 - 21 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1788
Abstract
Biofilms play a decisive role in the infectious process and the development of antibiotic resistance. The establishment of bacterial biofilms is regulated by a signal-mediated cell–cell communication process called “quorum sensing” (QS). The identification of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) to mitigate the QS [...] Read more.
Biofilms play a decisive role in the infectious process and the development of antibiotic resistance. The establishment of bacterial biofilms is regulated by a signal-mediated cell–cell communication process called “quorum sensing” (QS). The identification of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) to mitigate the QS process may facilitate the development of novel treatment strategies for biofilm-based infections. In this study, the traditional medicinal plant Ocimum sanctum was screened for QS inhibitory potential. Sub-MICs of the extract significantly affected the secretion of EPS in Gram-negative human pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Proteus mirabilis, and Serratia marcescens, as well as aquaculture pathogens Vibrio harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus, which render the bacteria more sensitive, leading to a loss of bacterial biomass from the substratum. The observed inhibitory activity of the O. sanctum extract might be attributed to the presence of eugenol, as evidenced through ultraviolet (UV)-visible, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC–MS), Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses, and computational studies. Additionally, the QSI potential of eugenol was corroborated through in vitro studies using the marker strain Chromobacterium violaceum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends in Microbiology 2024)
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23 pages, 3061 KiB  
Review
Fungal Pigments: Potential Coloring Compounds for Wide Ranging Applications in Textile Dyeing
by Chidambaram Kulandaisamy Venil, Palanivel Velmurugan, Laurent Dufossé, Ponnuswamy Renuka Devi and Arumugam Veera Ravi
J. Fungi 2020, 6(2), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6020068 - 20 May 2020
Cited by 94 | Viewed by 13049
Abstract
Synthetic pigments/non-renewable coloring sources used normally in the textile industry release toxic substances into the environment, causing perilous ecological challenges. To be safer from such challenges of synthetic colorants, academia and industries have explored the use of natural colorants such as microbial pigments. [...] Read more.
Synthetic pigments/non-renewable coloring sources used normally in the textile industry release toxic substances into the environment, causing perilous ecological challenges. To be safer from such challenges of synthetic colorants, academia and industries have explored the use of natural colorants such as microbial pigments. Such explorations have created a fervent interest among textile stakeholders to undertake the dyeing of textile fabrics, especially with fungal pigments. The biodegradable and sustainable production of natural colorants from fungal sources stand as being comparatively advantageous to synthetic dyes. The prospective scope of fungal pigments has emerged in the opening of many new avenues in textile colorants for wide ranging applications. Applying the biotechnological processes, fungal pigments like carotenoids, melanins, flavins, phenazines, quinones, monascins, violacein, indigo, etc. could be extracted on an industrial scale. This review appraises the studies and applications of various fungal pigments in dyeing textile fabrics and is furthermore shedding light on the importance of toxicity testing, genetic manipulations of fungal pigments, and their future perspectives under biotechnological approaches. Full article
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