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Authors = Antonios Vlachopoulos

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37 pages, 8782 KiB  
Review
Poly(Lactic Acid)-Based Microparticles for Drug Delivery Applications: An Overview of Recent Advances
by Antonios Vlachopoulos, Georgia Karlioti, Evangelia Balla, Vasileios Daniilidis, Theocharis Kalamas, Myrika Stefanidou, Nikolaos D. Bikiaris, Evi Christodoulou, Ioanna Koumentakou, Evangelos Karavas and Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(2), 359; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020359 - 4 Feb 2022
Cited by 164 | Viewed by 14327
Abstract
The sustained release of pharmaceutical substances remains the most convenient way of drug delivery. Hence, a great variety of reports can be traced in the open literature associated with drug delivery systems (DDS). Specifically, the use of microparticle systems has received special attention [...] Read more.
The sustained release of pharmaceutical substances remains the most convenient way of drug delivery. Hence, a great variety of reports can be traced in the open literature associated with drug delivery systems (DDS). Specifically, the use of microparticle systems has received special attention during the past two decades. Polymeric microparticles (MPs) are acknowledged as very prevalent carriers toward an enhanced bio-distribution and bioavailability of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drug substances. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), and their copolymers are among the most frequently used biodegradable polymers for encapsulated drugs. This review describes the current state-of-the-art research in the study of poly(lactic acid)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles and PLA-copolymers with other aliphatic acids as drug delivery devices for increasing the efficiency of drug delivery, enhancing the release profile, and drug targeting of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). Potential advances in generics and the constant discovery of therapeutic peptides will hopefully promote the success of microsphere technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technology for Prolonged Drug Release)
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50 pages, 8474 KiB  
Review
Poly(lactic Acid): A Versatile Biobased Polymer for the Future with Multifunctional Properties—From Monomer Synthesis, Polymerization Techniques and Molecular Weight Increase to PLA Applications
by Evangelia Balla, Vasileios Daniilidis, Georgia Karlioti, Theocharis Kalamas, Myrika Stefanidou, Nikolaos D. Bikiaris, Antonios Vlachopoulos, Ioanna Koumentakou and Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
Polymers 2021, 13(11), 1822; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13111822 - 31 May 2021
Cited by 450 | Viewed by 59675
Abstract
Environmental problems, such as global warming and plastic pollution have forced researchers to investigate alternatives for conventional plastics. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), one of the well-known eco-friendly biodegradables and biobased polyesters, has been studied extensively and is considered to be a promising substitute to [...] Read more.
Environmental problems, such as global warming and plastic pollution have forced researchers to investigate alternatives for conventional plastics. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), one of the well-known eco-friendly biodegradables and biobased polyesters, has been studied extensively and is considered to be a promising substitute to petroleum-based polymers. This review gives an inclusive overview of the current research of lactic acid and lactide dimer techniques along with the production of PLA from its monomers. Melt polycondensation as well as ring opening polymerization techniques are discussed, and the effect of various catalysts and polymerization conditions is thoroughly presented. Reaction mechanisms are also reviewed. However, due to the competitive decomposition reactions, in the most cases low or medium molecular weight (MW) of PLA, not exceeding 20,000–50,000 g/mol, are prepared. For this reason, additional procedures such as solid state polycondensation (SSP) and chain extension (CE) reaching MW ranging from 80,000 up to 250,000 g/mol are extensively investigated here. Lastly, numerous practical applications of PLA in various fields of industry, technical challenges and limitations of PLA use as well as its future perspectives are also reported in this review. Full article
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