A Highly Standardized Pre-Clinical Porcine Wound Healing Model Powered by Semi-Automated Histological Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Animal Procedure
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Morphometry Measured Using Semi-Automated Software
3.2. Remaining Dermis under the Wounded Area
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Re-Epithelialization (%) | Thickness of the Regenerated Dermal Tissue (µm) | |
---|---|---|
remaining dermal tissue (mm2) | 0.34 * 0.12 to 0.53 | −0.09 −0.32 to 0.15 |
thickness of the regenerated dermal tissue (µm) | 0.09 −0.15 to 0.32 | - |
thickness of the exudate at the wound surface (µm) | 0.28 * −0.01 to 0.50 | 0.57 * 0.37 to 0.73 |
thickness of the wound dressing (residual moisture) (µm) | −0.30 * −0.53 to −0.04 | −0.05 −0.32 to 0.21 |
No. of Animals | No. of Wounds per Animal | Pig | Weight Range (kg) | Wounded Area | Wound Depth | Healing Parameters | Histological Evaluation | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singer et al. (2003) [21] | 3 | Avg.: 38.3 (total 115) | Sus scrofa domestica | 20–30 | 2.5 × 2.5 cm (6.25 cm2) | 0.6 mm (SPT) | Wound closure and thickness of scar | Manual morphometric analysis |
Singer et al. (2007) [42] | 2 | 10 | Sus scrofa domestica | 40 | 2.5 × 2.5 cm (6.25 cm2) Ventral area | 0.6 mm (SPT) | Wound closure | Manual morphometric analysis and optical coherence tomography |
Wlaschin et al. (2019) [34] | 9 | 4 | Sus scrofa domestica Yorkshire Chester White crossed swine | 28–32 | 2.5 × 2.5 cm (6.25 cm2) | 0.5 mm (SPT) | Wound closure, serocellular crust, and epidermal thickness | Manual morphometric analysis |
Schiefer et al. (2019) [24] | 6 | 3 | Minipigs | 25.8 (±2.5) | 2.4 × 2.4 cm (5.76 cm2) | 0.5 mm (SPT) | Epidermal thickness and cutometer analysis | Manual morphometric analysis |
Pirone et al. (1992) [25] | 6 | 12 | Five-way Cross swine | 15–20 | 2.2 × 2.2 cm (4.84 cm2) | 0.5 mm (SPT) | Epidermal wound healing and moisture vapor transmission rates | None |
Travis et al. (2014) [43] | 2 | 3 | Male Sus scrofa domestica Duroc swine | 30–55 | 7.6 × 7.6 cm (57.76 cm2) | ~1.5 mm (DPT) | Wound closure and perfusion units | Manual morphometric analysis and laser doppler imaging |
Connolly et al. (2020) [42] | 16 | 6 | Sus scrofa domestica | 10–15 | 5 × 5 cm (25.00 cm2) Ventral area | 0.1 mm (SPT) | Wound closure, epidermal hyperplasia, epidermal/dermal separation, inflammatory cells, hair follicles, glands, elastic fibers, smooth muscles, collagen orientation, fibroplasia, vascular proliferation, and hemorrhage | High-frequency ultrasound and manual subjective analysis |
Kuo et al. (2022) [33] | Not described | 20/19 | Lanyu pigs (Minipig) | 25 | 2.5 × 2.5 cm (6.25 cm2) | 2.3 (DPT) and 6 mm (FT) | Wound closure, region-based variation on epidermis and dermis thickness, region-based variation on wound closure and contraction, tissue maturation after 2 and 6 months, blood flow, and collagen content | Manual morphometry, imaging software analysis, and laser doppler imaging |
Current approach | 8 | 24 | Sus domesticus: hybrid from Deutsche Landrasse and Deutsches Edelschwein | 34–47 | 3 × 3 cm (9.00 cm2) | 1.2 mm (DPT) | Wound closure, epidermal area, epidermal thickness, regenerated dermis area and thickness, residual dermal area and thickness, area and thickness of exudate at day 7, and area and thickness of wound dressing at day 7 | Semi-automated analysis |
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Bernardelli de Mattos, I.; Tuca, A.C.; Kukla, F.; Lemarchand, T.; Markovic, D.; Kamolz, L.P.; Funk, M. A Highly Standardized Pre-Clinical Porcine Wound Healing Model Powered by Semi-Automated Histological Analysis. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081697
Bernardelli de Mattos I, Tuca AC, Kukla F, Lemarchand T, Markovic D, Kamolz LP, Funk M. A Highly Standardized Pre-Clinical Porcine Wound Healing Model Powered by Semi-Automated Histological Analysis. Biomedicines. 2024; 12(8):1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081697
Chicago/Turabian StyleBernardelli de Mattos, Ives, Alexandru C. Tuca, Fabian Kukla, Thomas Lemarchand, Danijel Markovic, Lars P. Kamolz, and Martin Funk. 2024. "A Highly Standardized Pre-Clinical Porcine Wound Healing Model Powered by Semi-Automated Histological Analysis" Biomedicines 12, no. 8: 1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081697