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  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
6,335 Views
17 Pages

Sustainability and Chinese Urban Settlements: Extending the Metabolism Model of Emergy Evaluation

  • Lijie Gao,
  • Shenghui Cui,
  • Dewei Yang,
  • Lina Tang,
  • Jonathan Vause,
  • Lishan Xiao,
  • Xuanqi Li and
  • Longyu Shi

Anthropogenic activity interacts with urban form and inner metabolic processes, ultimately impacting urban sustainability. China’s cities have experienced many environmental issues and metabolic disturbances since the nation-wide market-oriented “ref...

  • Article
  • Open Access
74 Citations
9,441 Views
23 Pages

Digital Technologies for Urban Metabolism Efficiency: Lessons from Urban Agenda Partnership on Circular Economy

  • Gaspare D’Amico,
  • Roberta Arbolino,
  • Lei Shi,
  • Tan Yigitcanlar and
  • Giuseppe Ioppolo

27 May 2021

Digital technologies engaged in urban metabolism for efficiency provide policymakers, urban managers, and planners with useful instruments to collect, monitor, analyze, and evaluate the circularity of environmental, social, and economic resources to...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Life Cycle Thinking, Sustainability and Circular Economy: Practical Applications and Future Challenges)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
6,069 Views
20 Pages

Metabolism and Urban Design: Insights from the Champs–Elysées, Paris

  • Claire Doussard,
  • Peter G. Rowe,
  • Pauline Detavernier and
  • Boya Guo

10 January 2024

The urban metabolism concept is crucial for understanding city–environment interactions. Yet, its use in urban design is limited, and the examination of diverse design hypotheses with the potential to influence metabolic activities is seldom un...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,598 Views
16 Pages

Cities are complex systems with a key role in economic development and in improving the environmental sustainability of nations. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of urban systems is fundamental to designing relevant policies and initiatives....

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Urban Metabolism)
  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
7,475 Views
20 Pages

Integration of Circular Economy and Urban Metabolism for a Resilient Waste-Based Sustainable Urban Environment

  • Konstantina Ragazou,
  • Georgia Zournatzidou,
  • George Sklavos and
  • Nikolaos Sariannidis

16 October 2024

An unsustainable rate of resource production and consumption is evident in urban environments. The absence of innovative approaches in conjunction with the exponential urbanization and expansion of the global population will inevitably result in subs...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,233 Views
15 Pages

1 September 2020

Sustainable development is the concept of coordinating people and the environment and achieves contemporary development without compromising the interests of the next generation. It can also be thought of as not exceeding the biosphere’s carryi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
10,982 Views
21 Pages

21 August 2017

Urban problems—such as resources depletion, environment pollution and waste generation—usually occur during rapid urbanisation processes, especially in mega-urban agglomerations. Finding solutions to sustainable urban development is a global research...

(This article belongs to the Section Social Ecology and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,962 Views
14 Pages

3 May 2020

The increased frequency of heat-related mortality and morbidity in urban environments indicates the importance of urban climate studies. As most of the world’s population lives in cities, the education of designers, planners and policy makers is cruc...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Sustainable Energy Systems Education)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,563 Views
17 Pages

Circular Urban Metabolism in Action: The Design of the Promenade Nardal, Paris

  • Claire Doussard,
  • Vanessa Stassi,
  • Pauline Detavernier and
  • Yoeun Chung

30 September 2025

As urban areas exert profound pressures on the natural environment, driving significant resource consumption and waste production, designers need to rethink the way urban projects are being developed. Therefore, this article advances the operationali...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
7,840 Views
31 Pages

13 August 2021

Cities are leading in the implementation of circular economy (CE) principles and sustainable development due to the concentration of knowledge, resources and technology while remaining the highest consumers and producers of resources. CE, urban metab...

  • Review
  • Open Access
48 Citations
11,163 Views
29 Pages

The Role of Renewable Energy in the Promotion of Circular Urban Metabolism

  • Antonio Barragán-Escandón,
  • Julio Terrados-Cepeda and
  • Esteban Zalamea-León

15 December 2017

Cities are human creations requiring large amounts of materials and energy. Constant consumption of resources exerts pressure on the environment not only due to its exploitation, but also because once processed, the resources produce waste, emissions...

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,124 Views
16 Pages

27 October 2022

Cities are responsible for about 75% of the global greenhouse gas emissions. Various materials and energy sources, which are mostly produced by the rural areas rather than the cities, are consumed by the cities, and their waste is released back into...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Carrying Capacity in Urban and Regional Development)
  • Review
  • Open Access
42 Citations
8,074 Views
24 Pages

4 June 2018

Cities pose environmental challenges but also offer possibilities to close material and energy loops and connect multiple societal and ecologic services. This article reviews and brings together the literature on two important new research directions...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Urban Innovation Strategies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,013 Views
24 Pages

23 December 2024

Urban carbon emissions significantly contribute to climate change, exacerbating environmental issues such as global warming. Understanding carbon metabolism is vital for identifying key emission sources and implementing targeted mitigation strategies...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Land Use under the Target of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,076 Views
26 Pages

16 November 2025

It is increasingly recognized that urban planning is essential in promoting low-carbon urban development, and the research on urban carbon metabolism patterns informs the theoretical support for carbon neutrality through urban structural optimization...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
7,935 Views
34 Pages

Puebla City Water Supply from the Perspective of Urban Water Metabolism

  • David Pérez-González,
  • Gian Carlo Delgado-Ramos,
  • Lilia Cedillo Ramírez,
  • Rosalva Loreto López,
  • María Elena Ramos Cassellis,
  • José Víctor Rosendo Tamariz Flores and
  • Ricardo Darío Peña Moreno

7 October 2023

The city of Puebla is a mid-sized Mexican city facing multiple water-related challenges, from overexploitation of water sources and extreme pollution of rivers to water conflicts and contestation processes due to the privatization of water supply. Du...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Water Resources Management and Water Supply)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
6,589 Views
20 Pages

25 March 2018

Transforming urban infrastructures is an essential part of creating more sustainable urban regions. But rethinking these complex systems requires a better understanding of their spatial dimensions and their relation with urban morphology and spatial...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Putting Sustainability Transitions into Spatial and Socio-Cultural Context)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access

19 October 2026

Identifying the key factors associated with urban carbon metabolism is essential for understanding the mechanisms underlying low-carbon urban transformation and achieving sustainable development goals. This study applies a meta-analysis approach to q...

  • Review
  • Open Access
47 Citations
7,037 Views
22 Pages

Pathways to Modelling Ecosystem Services within an Urban Metabolism Framework

  • Thomas Elliot,
  • Javier Babí Almenar,
  • Samuel Niza,
  • Vânia Proença and
  • Benedetto Rugani

14 May 2019

Urbanisation poses new and complex sustainability challenges. Socio-economic activities drive material and energy flows in cities that influence the health of ecosystems inside and outside the urban system. Recent studies suggest that these flows, un...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
8,217 Views
19 Pages

26 September 2019

Over decades, cities have undergone rapid urbanization and uncontrolled urban growth. The need for future cities to operate as adaptable complex systems has generated an interest in the self-organizing resilient city. The main aim of the study is to...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Urban and Rural Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,557 Views
23 Pages

18 March 2021

Water environment deterioration in urban environments is a critical concern in sustainable water management processes, and the method of urban water metabolism has not been developed more fully in this field. Therefore, there is a requirement to eval...

(This article belongs to the Section Urban Water Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
7,486 Views
19 Pages

10 June 2015

The correlation of urban metabolism and changes in land use is an important issue in urban ecology, but recent research lacks consideration of the mechanisms and interactions between them. In this research, we did an emergy analysis of the flows of m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,623 Views
21 Pages

Several studies have linked urban metabolism with sustainable development goals, but few studies have addressed how architectural design could contribute to the linkage. Japanese Architectural Metabolism promotes the empowering of individuals and enc...

(This article belongs to the Section Architectural Design, Urban Science, and Real Estate)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,365 Views
25 Pages

9 September 2024

The urban heat island (UHI) effect, where the temperature in an urban area is higher than in the surrounding rural areas, is becoming a major concern. The concept of a Local Climate Zone (LCZ) system was devised to provide an objective framework for...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,871 Views
22 Pages

31 August 2022

To understand the changing pattern of urban carbon metabolism from the perspective of urban “production–living–ecological” (PLE) space, taking Suzhou City as an example, this study constructed a carbon metabolic network model...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Planning Pathways to Carbon Neutrality)
  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
8,024 Views
22 Pages

The systemic transformation towards climate neutral cities depends on a dramatic reduction in the use of natural resources, whose use are directly or indirectly associated with greenhouse gas emissions. This means improving Urban Metabolism (UM) and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Urban Metabolism)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,866 Views
20 Pages

17 August 2023

Analyzing the spatial pattern of urban carbon metabolism could provide insights into spatial adjustments to mitigate the greenhouse effect. Using CASA and empirical coefficients, we quantitatively analyzed and mapped the spatial pattern of the urban...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Emission and Carbon Neutrality in China)
  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
9,124 Views
19 Pages

9 April 2019

Circular economy and urban metabolism concepts have recently received great attention both in the political and academic arenas, starting a roll-over process of the “take, make, and dispose” dominant economic model that is leading to an o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability and Urban Metabolism)
  • Article
  • Open Access
513 Views
29 Pages

16 July 2026

Water-scarce megacities undergoing rapid urbanization and climate change often face imbalances in urban water metabolism, characterized by the coexistence of socioeconomic growth and increasing pressure on water environmental carrying capacity. To ad...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Urban—Regional Planning for Sustainable Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,388 Views
16 Pages

20 July 2022

Urban metabolism has emerged over the past decades as an important new paradigm of regional and urban sustainability governance towards a Chinese national scheme of ‘carbon neutrality’ by 2060. Hebei province in China faces twin pressures...

(This article belongs to the Section B: Energy and Environment)
  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
7,750 Views
19 Pages

The Role of Informal Waste Management in Urban Metabolism: A Review of Eight Latin American Countries

  • Beatriz Espinosa-Aquino,
  • Xavier Gabarrell Durany and
  • Roberto Quirós Vargas

18 January 2023

Social and spatial segregation structures in Latin America are perceived as processes for the selective concentration of social or demographic groups in geographic sectors of the city. This voluntary or forced segregation creates poor, wealthy, and m...

(This article belongs to the Topic Solid Waste Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,030 Views
21 Pages

4 December 2025

Groundwater is increasingly relied upon in cities, particularly during drought, yet its management often lacks coordination and systems-based decision-making. Effective governance requires inclusive participation across sectors and scales, engaging a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Water Resources Assessment and Environmental Governance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,832 Views
20 Pages

Social Metabolism in Buruan SAE: Individual Rift Perspective on Urban Farming Model for Food Independence in Bandung, Indonesia

  • Dwi Purnomo,
  • Gregorio Laulasta Sitepu,
  • Yoga Restu Nugraha and
  • Muhammad Bayu Permana Rosiyan

28 June 2023

This study focused on one of the formulas for assessing social metabolism, specifically derived from individual variables. The formula was utilized as a framework for analyzing agricultural activities and combatting food vulnerability in urban commun...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Urban Green Development and Resilient Cities)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
8,505 Views
15 Pages

Water is a non substitutable resource and a social good, which governments must perforce provide to its citizens in the right quantity and quality. An integrated urban metabolism model is useful in understanding the status quo of an urban water and s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,722 Views
47 Pages

14 August 2025

This study examines how Multi-Scalar Nature-Based Regenerative Solutions (M-NbRS) can realign urban–industrial systems with planetary boundaries to mitigate Earth system destabilization. Using integrated systems analysis, we document three key...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,598 Views
18 Pages

17 November 2021

Food consumption is fundamental for urban households if they are to sustain production and daily life. Nitrogen resulting from food consumption has significantly contributed to pollutant emissions in urban ecosystems. Taking Xiamen city, a rapid urba...

(This article belongs to the Section Food Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,956 Views
34 Pages

17 November 2021

This paper proposes a holistic vision of the urban metabolism (UM), viewing the city as a subsystem within an industrial ecosystem (IE) in which municipal-industrial symbiosis is essential to achieve sustainability goals. For this purpose, the metabo...

(This article belongs to the Collection Sustainable Household Behaviors: Consumption and Mobility)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,883 Views
17 Pages

9 October 2016

Land use change is one of the fundamental influence factors of human life and well-being. The land use change due to the unprecedented urbanization in China not only causes an increase of resource consumption and threatens food security, but also aff...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,988 Views
16 Pages

21 January 2020

Interventions targeted at district-level are a potentially effective way to reduce consumption-based urban impacts; however, a systematic method for accounting these impacts at district scale has not yet been developed. This article outlines a method...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Urban and Rural Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,856 Views
16 Pages

Metabolic Syndrome in the Amazon: Customizing Diagnostic Methods for Urban Communities

  • José M. Alcaide-Leyva,
  • Manuel Romero-Saldaña,
  • María García-Rodríguez,
  • Rafael Molina-Luque,
  • María del Rocío Jiménez-Mérida and
  • Guillermo Molina-Recio

31 January 2025

Background/Objectives: Metabolic syndrome is a significant public health issue, particularly in urbanizing regions like the Peruvian Amazon, where lifestyle changes have increased the prevalence of metabolic disorders. This study aimed to develop and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Quality of Life for Patients with Chronic Disease)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,604 Views
12 Pages

4 August 2024

Human interactions have led to the emergence of a higher complexity of urban metabolic networks; hence, traditional natural- or agriculture-oriented biogeochemical models might not be transferred well to urban environments. Increasingly serious envir...

(This article belongs to the Topic Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability, 3rd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
6,878 Views
11 Pages

Urban Metabolic Analysis of a Food-Water-Energy System for Sustainable Resources Management

  • Ming-Che Hu,
  • Chihhao Fan,
  • Tailin Huang,
  • Chi-Fang Wang and
  • Yu-Hui Chen

Urban metabolism analyzes the supply and consumption of nutrition, material, energy, and other resources within cities. Food, water, and energy are critical resources for the human society and have complicated cooperative/competitive influences on ea...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land management accounting inter-correlations among soil erosion risk, cropping suitability and environmental footprint)
  • Article
  • Open Access
340 Views
23 Pages

18 August 2026

Historic urban manufacturing territories are increasingly being reconsidered as strategic components of metropolitan sustainability rather than obsolete remnants of industrial economies slated for redevelopment. While these districts have long been a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy and Inclusive Urban Public Spaces)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,006 Views
11 Pages

Urban metabolism analysis has become a useful and effective tool to explore urban socio-economic processes. In this research, in order to explore the similarities and differences of metabolic characteristics and variation rules of different types of...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2,831 Views
5 Pages

Focusing on the forgotten lessons and potential legacy of the urban projects proposed by the Japanese avant-garde architectural movement of Metabolism, which emerged in the 1960s, and on the critical and comparative study of large-scale waterfront re...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd Built Environment Research Forum)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,101 Views
11 Pages

Metabolic Potential of Some Functional Groups of Bacteria in Aquatic Urban Systems

  • Bianca Ojovan,
  • Rodica Catana,
  • Simona Neagu,
  • Roxana Cojoc,
  • Anca Ioana Lucaci,
  • Luminita Marutescu,
  • Larisa Florescu,
  • Robert Ruginescu,
  • Madalin Enache and
  • Mirela Moldoveanu

This study analyzed the metabolic potential of some functional groups of bacteria in aquatic urban systems and evaluated the abundance of communities of total heterotrophic bacteria in the water in relation to the monitored physico-chemical factors....

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extremophiles—Source for Novel Biomolecules with Applied Potential)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,659 Views
15 Pages

3 July 2018

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common global health problem. This study aims to assess nutrient intake and risk of MetS in middle-aged Koreans based in residential areas. Participants were 161,326 (142,137 in urban and 19,189 in rural) subjects enrol...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
6,383 Views
26 Pages

8 November 2019

Research in urban political ecology has been important in recent decades in understanding the complex socionatural processes entailed in urbanization, exploring the local and global linkages of the production and consumption processes of urban metabo...

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