After multi-stage volume hydraulic fracturing in a shale oil reservoir, massive amounts of water can be imbibed into the matrix pores. One of the key imbibition characteristics of a shale reservoir is the imbibition water and its height distribution....
To delve into the effects of process parameters on temperature distribution and cladding-layer height in laser cladding, as well as the interaction between these two aspects, a thermal–fluid coupling numerical model was established considering...
When a fire occurs in a tunnel during construction, the smoke cannot be discharged in time and continues to settle near the ground, which threatens the safety of personnel. It is essential to understand smoke layer distribution for safe evacuation. T...
The exhaust/return-split configuration is regarded as an important upgrade of traditional under-floor-air-distribution (UFAD) systems due to its higher energy efficiency. Moreover, existing studies are mostly focused on the effect of the return vent...
One of the factors that strongly impacts the efficacy of stratified air distribution (STRAD) systems is the return vent height (H), for which different studies have yielded different suggested values. This theoretical research uses a displacement ven...
Building height is a fundamental parameter for characterizing urban three-dimensional structure and supporting applications such as urban planning, population estimation, and energy assessment. However, traditional shadow-based height inversion metho...
The operation efficiency and safety of pressure vessels in the oil and gas industry profits from an accurate knowledge about the inner filling distribution. However, an accurate and reliable estimation of the multi-phase height levels in such objects...
The expansion of wind energy, while essential for the energy transition, poses serious collision risks to birds, particularly due to the rotating blades of wind turbines. When conducting environmental impact assessments, accurate quantification of th...
Coal mining has gradually entered the deep mining era, and large-height mining is an important way to mine thick coal seams in the deep. The high coal wall will inevitably make the distribution of the overburden structure in the coal mining face more...
Identifying important factors (e.g., features and prediction models) for forest aboveground biomass (AGB) estimation can provide a vital reference for accurate AGB estimation. This study proposed a novel feature of the canopy height distribution (CHD...
There is a lack of scientific knowledge about the physical sea characteristics of the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea. The current work offers a comprehensive view of wave fields in southern Israel waters covering a period between January 2017...
The biomechanical performance of dental implants is affected by both abutment height and bone quality, which influence stress distribution around the implant and the preservation of surrounding bone. This study used three-dimensional finite element a...
Cloud is an important factor that affects weather and climate, and the vertical distribution of cloud determines its role in the atmospheric radiation transfer process. In this paper, the characteristics of different cloud types and their vertical cl...
Wave height and wave period are important oceanic environmental factors that are used to describe the randomness of a wave. Within the field of ocean engineering, the calculation of design wave height is of great significance. In this paper, a period...
The asymmetric height distribution of a machined surface can be useful from a tribological point of view in several cases. The purpose of this study is to analyze this asymmetry based on the 3D surface texture parameter skewness, providing technologi...
An understanding of the wave height distribution of a sea state is important in forecasting extreme wave height and lifetime fatigue predictions of marine structures. In bimodal seas, swell can be present at different percentages and different freque...
The evolution of the 4-variate probability distribution of the diameter at the breast height, total height, crown base height, and crown width against the age in a forest stand is of great interest to forest management and the evaluation of forest re...
Accurate measurement of ocean wave parameters is paramount for offshore engineering design and marine environmental monitoring. Distributed pressure sensing technology provides a robust data foundation for analyzing the spatio-temporal characteristic...
In aeolian sand movement, the vertical distribution of sand particle size is intricately linked to sand flux, wind–sand flow field and dune development. In the present study, the distribution characteristics of sand grains in four particle size...
23 December 2022
Under the condition of the shallow coal seam, the laws of roof activity after large mining height longwall face mining and prevention measures for large-area roof weighting are problems that need to be solved urgently. In the background of the super...
Although base isolation is nowadays a well-established seismic-protection technique for both buildings and bridges, and several issues are still open and attract the interest of the research community. Among them, the formulation of computationally e...
As an effective supplement to ground machinery, UAVs play an important role in agriculture and have become indispensable intelligent equipment in the development of precision agriculture. Various types of agricultural UAV-based spreading devices, mai...
Adopting a human-centered approach, this study investigates the influence of seat parameters on comfort for elderly users. Twenty healthy older adults (61–70 years) assessed age-friendly seats with varying seat heights (knee popliteal height H...
Estimation of rice plant height distribution plays a significant role in keeping the feed rate of rice combine harvesters stable. This is an effective way to guarantee the working stability of the whole machine, as a consequence, improving threshing...
Global warming is making extreme wave events more intense and frequent. Hence, the importance of monitoring the sea state for marine risk assessment and mitigation is increasing day-by-day. In this work, we exploit the ubiquitous seismic noise genera...
The advancement of technology in agriculture has driven the use of drones for spraying, with their increasing adoption presenting challenges in calibration and volumetric distribution efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the volumetric distributi...
Digital Surface Models (DSMs) have a wide range of applications, including the spatial and temporal analysis of human habitation. Traditionally, DSMs are generated by rasterizing Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds. While LiDAR provides...
Stand-level canopy base height (Cbh) is a key variable controlling crown fire initiation, yet it is commonly computed as the mean of tree height to the base of the crown (hbc), which does not reflect the lower portion of the hbc distribution governin...
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), as emerging plant protection machinery, have the advantages of high operational efficiency, high speed, and low drift. The current study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of droplet distribution and drift, contro...
In this paper, a 2-stage cascaded deep learning framework, Port Wave Prediction Network (PWPNet), is proposed for real-time prediction of significant wave height (SWH) distribution in a port. The PWP-out model of the first stage, predicting port-entr...
The vertical distribution of aerosols is important for accurate surface PM2.5 retrieval and initial modeling forecasts of air pollution, but the observation of aerosol profiles on the regional scale is usually limited. Therefore, in this study, an ap...
The arrangement of obstacles can significantly impact the deflagration behavior of combustible gases. In the actual pipeline accident site, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and other gases often show non-uniform distribution after leakage owing to diffu...
As devastating and unpredictable tsunamis generated by underwater earthquakes are occurring more frequently, the need for tsunami disaster prevention measures is rapidly increasing. In this study, tsunami heights were estimated, and the best-fit dist...
The distribution of tsunami runup heights along the coast is studied both theoretically and experimentally using observation data of historical tsunami from 1992 to 2018. The physical mechanisms leading to the lognormal distribution of tsunami runup...
Phototherapy using ultraviolet radiation (UVR) treatment units of various designs is common in dermatology. The anatomical distribution of UVR should be even, regardless of individual body shapes. Using electronic dosimeters, we measured the irradian...
Reasonable building height distribution in urban residential areas is conducive to smoother vertical airflow exchange and promotes sustainable development. This paper studies the influence of building layouts on vertical ventilation in high-rise resi...
Diameter at breast height (DBH) is a unique attribute used to characterize forest growth and development for forest management planning and to understand forest ecology. Forest managers require an array of DBHs of forest stands, which can be reconstr...
Tailings backfilling (TB) is widely recognized as an environmentally friendly and engineering safe technique to enhance mining efficiency. However, the heterogeneous particle distribution in TB slurry, also-named the segregation phenomenon, can signi...
This paper investigates the radar image statistics of rough surfaces by simulating the scattered signal’s dependence on the surface roughness. Statistically, the roughness characteristics include the height probability density (HPD) and, to the...
When a fire takes place in a tunnel, the surface of the asphalt pavement will burn and release a large amount of smoke, which is toxic to human health. Thus, in order to prevent the combustion of the asphalt pavement under fire, it is necessary to pr...
The study of extreme waves is important for the protection of coastal and ocean structures. In this work, a 22-year (1990–2011) wave hindcast in the Yellow Sea is employed to perform the assessment of extreme significant wave heights in this ar...
The impact of non-Gaussian height distribution and spectral properties on the lubrication performance of counterformal (point) contacts is quantitatively studied (film parameter, Λ, and asperity load ratio, La) by developing a mixed lubricatio...
Wind and waves present the main causes of environmental loading on seagoing ships and offshore structures. Thus, its detailed understanding can improve the design and maintenance of these structures. Wind and wave statistical models are developed bas...
A cyclic tensile test was carried out using a plate specimen of commercial pure titanium on a digital holographic microscope stage. Microscopic deformation of the grains was observed, and their height distribution was measured on the specimen surface...
Studies on the extrapolation of extreme significant wave height, based on long-term databases, are extensively covered in literature. An engineer, working in the field of naval architecture, marine engineering, or maritime operation planning, when ta...
Dimensional analysis shows that the relation between wind speed and maximum or mean water wave height takes the form
We explored the effects of heterogeneity of sward height on the functioning of grazing systems through a spatially implicit mechanistic model of grazing and sward growth. The model uses a population dynamic approach where a sward is spatially structu...
More than seven years of remote sensing data with high spatial and temporal resolution were investigated in this study. The 20-min moving averaged wind profiles form the acoustic sounding with Scintec MFAS sodar were derived every 10 min. The profile...
The activity-height distribution of radioactive particles in the stabilization cloud of a nuclear burst plays a crucial role in the radioactive fallout prediction model, serving as the source for transport, diffusion, and dose rate calculation module...
Both vegetation multi-angular and LiDAR (light detection and ranging) remote sensing data are indirectly and directly linked with 3D vegetation structure parameters, such as the tree height and vegetation gap fraction, which are critical elements in...
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