The REDD+ framework (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation, along with sustainable forest management and the conservation and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries) incentivizes developing countries to red...
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) recognized the importance of forests in combating climate change and agreed upon financial support for REDD+ activities in developing countries through the Warsaw REDD+ Framework (WRF...
Aiming at reducing CO2 emissions from shipping at the EU level, a system for monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) of CO2 emissions of ships was introduced in 2015 with the so-called ‘MRV Regulation’. Its stated objective was to p...
Biochar, produced through the pyrolysis of biomass and green waste, offers significant potential as a soil amendment to enhance soil health and sustainability in agriculture. However, the current Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) systems...
Developing countries participating in the Warsaw Framework for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Plus (REDD+) (WFR) are eligible to receive financial incentives linked to verified reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from...
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set a goal to reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping by or around 2050. The ship energy efficiency framework has played a positive role over the past decade in improving c...
The actual situation of carbon-emission reduction in China’s power sector has not yet achieved the expected benefits. The rent-seeking behavior of participants in power construction projects (PCPs) hinders the realization of low-carbon benefits...
Mammalian Orthoreoviruses (MRV) are segmented dsRNA viruses in the family Reoviridae. MRVs infect mammals and cause asymptomatic respiratory, gastro-enteric and, rarely, encephalic infections. MRVs are divided into at least three serotypes: MRV1, MRV...
Deep-sea pipeline target detection is a critical component in enhancing the efficiency of ocean resource exploitation. Traditional methods for underwater pipeline detection encounter numerous challenges, such as low brightness, high blur, and interfe...
This study presents a large-scale empirical comparison of operational efficiency metrics derived from the IMO Data Collection System (DCS) and the EU Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) framework. Paired non-parametric tests, effect size est...
Implementation of a measuring, reporting, and verifying (MRV) framework is essential for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, MRV can be regarded...
Maritime decarbonisation requires transparent use of verified emissions data without overstating what regulatory datasets can explain. This study examines how EU Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) data can support descriptive benchmarking...
This study examines the governance of building carbon markets in the context of China’s “dual-carbon strategy”, focusing specifically on the integration of Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) systems. The study identifies...
This paper aims to assess the direct economic impact on the maritime sector from its inclusion in the European Union-Emission Trading System (EU-ETS). The Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) data are analysed for the estimation of carbon dio...
In the context of China’s “dual-carbon” strategy, the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics provides a critical case for examining whether carbon-neutral commitments can be translated into measurable and lasting environmental outcomes throug...
Background: Smart-city road and intersection management increasingly aims to smooth bus operations and reduce stop-and-go driving, but cities often lack auditable indicators linking routine fleet data with comparable energy and environmental KPIs. Me...
Gebhardt et al. (2014) presented the Monitoring Activity Data for the Mexican REDD+ program (MAD-MEX), an automatic nation-wide land cover monitoring system for the Mexican REDD+ MRV. Though MAD-MEX represents a valuable first effort toward establish...
Accurate historical estimates of forest carbon stocks are essential for greenhouse gas inventories and REDD+ Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) systems, particularly in remote and persistently cloudy regions where field inventories and opt...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a critical role in climate regulation, soil fertility, and ecosystem resilience, making its accurate spatial quantification essential for sustainable land management and greenhouse gas (GHG) reporting. However, mapping...
Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) are emerging infectious agents that may affect wild animals. MRVs are usually associated with asymptomatic or mild respiratory and enteric infections. However, severe clinical manifestations have been occasionally rep...
Understanding the influence of gas flow maldistribution in honeycombs can be beneficial for the process design in various technical applications. Although recent studies have investigated the effect of maldistribution by comparing the results of nume...
Climate change mitigation involves carbon sequestration that can be supported by Voluntary Carbon Markets (VCMs) and counted as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in national climate change strategies. Integrating these allows for the determi...
Estimating forest area at a national scale within the United Nations program of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) is primarily based on land cover information using remote sensing technologies. Timely delivery for a...
Mandarin fish ranavirus (MRV) is a distinctive member among the genus Ranavirus of the family Iridoviridae. The persistently covert infection of MRV was previously observed in a natural outbreak of MRV, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. H...
The applicability of optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for land cover classification to support REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) MRV (measuring, reporting and verification) services was tested on a tr...
Coastal shipping systems experience complex functional degradation and recovery under port congestion, extreme weather, channel restrictions, and environmental constraints. To support sustainable maritime governance and port management, this paper pr...
The current research undertook a comprehensive examination of global research related to the use of measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) techniques for quantifying and tracking greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture and livestock f...
Mandarin fish ranavirus (MRV) infection poses a substantial challenge to the mandarin fish culture industry as no effective preventive or therapeutic measures currently exist. The creation of a highly permissive cell line from a natural host is cruci...
Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) concepts have emerged as a means for reviewing and ensuring the effectiveness of energy efficiency measures (EEMs) in smart buildings. Nevertheless, high technological and regulatory demands imposed by th...
Assessing forest changes is the baseline requirement for successful forest management. Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) are three essential components for achieving such assessments. Community participation in resource monitoring and ma...
A fundamental component of initiatives to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+); will be the development of robust and cost-effective measuring, reporting, and verification (MRV) instruments for national forest monitoring...
Global Forest Change datasets have the potential to assist countries with national forest measuring, reporting and verification (MRV) requirements. This paper assesses the accuracy of the Global Forest Change data against nationally derived forest ch...
Studies that use magnetic resonance velocimetry (MRV) to assess flows through porous media require a sufficiently small voxel size to determine the velocity field at a sub-pore scale. The smaller the voxel size, the less information is lost through t...
In July 2017, a family of three members, a 46-year-old male, a 45-year-old female and their 8-year-old daughter, returned to South Africa from Thailand. They presented symptoms consistent with mosquito-borne diseases, including fever, headache, sever...
This study examines Pakistan’s steel sector’s readiness to comply with the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), which mandates verified emissions disclosures for carbon-intensive imports. Although the sector p...
This study provides a structured operational-to-financial roadmap for soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in mineral soils as a specific carbon-farming pathway. It integrates SOC management; Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) execution...
From 2021, an increasing percentage of the carbon emission growth in international air transport will be subject to offsetting under the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). Presently, it is still unclear if, an...
Universities worldwide are increasingly committing to carbon neutrality; however, most institutional climate strategies treat operational emissions forecasting and ecosystem-based carbon sequestration as separate analytical domains, leading to incons...
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Accurate, scalable forestry insights are critical for implementing carbon credit-based reforestation initiatives and data-driven ecosystem management. However, existing forest quantification methods face significant challenges: hand measurement is la...
This Special Issue contains articles presenting advances in soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration practices, considering their benefits, trade-offs and monitoring. The studies deal with (1) agricultural practices and climate change, (2) the effect...
REDD+ social safeguards have gained increasing attention in numerous forums. This paper reviews the evolution of multi-level policy dialogues, processes, and actions related to REDD+ social safeguards (e.g., Cancun Safeguards 1–5) among policy makers...
Climate change is intensifying droughts, heatwaves, dust storms, and rainfall variability across Eastern Europe, undermining yields and soil stability. In Ukraine, decades of underinvestment and wartime damage have led to widespread degradation of fi...
Regenerative agriculture (RA) offers a critical pathway for climate change mitigation and adaptation, yet its implementation is often hindered by conceptual ambiguity and a lack of standardized assessment frameworks. This study employs a comparative...
Corporate greenhouse gas (GHG) disclosure has become an increasingly important mechanism for improving transparency, accountability, and climate governance. Although ISO 14001, ISO 14064, and the GHG Protocol provide complementary approaches to envir...
DDX41 is an intracellular DNA sensor that evokes type I interferon (IFN-I) production via the adaptor stimulator of interferon gene (STING), triggering innate immune responses against viral infection. However, the regulatory mechanism of the DDX41-ST...
Leaching mining of ion-adsorption rare earths degrades soil organic matter and hampers vegetation recovery. High-resolution UAV remote sensing enables large-scale monitoring of reclamation, yet vegetation detection accuracy is constrained by key chal...
Background: Buildings and construction account for a substantial share of global energy use, carbon dioxide emissions, and material extraction, making both operational and embodied carbon central to climate-resilient building policy. Methods: This ar...
Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) is an international climate policy instrument that is expected to tap into the large mitigation potential for conservation and better management of the world’s forests through finan...
Unprecedented socioeconomic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted shipping. We combined ferry CO
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