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Molecules
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Development and Application of Molecular Imaging Probes/Techniques
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Development and Application of Molecular Imaging Probes/Techniques

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2019) | Viewed by 7173

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Takashi Jin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Riken Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Japan
2. Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
Interests: molecular imaging; imaging probes; molecular dynamics in vivo; targeted drug delivery; early detection of cancer; biomedical applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Molecular imaging uses a variety of imaging techniques, such as optical (fluorescence/bioluminescence/Raman), magnetic resonance (MR), positron emission tomography (PET), and ultrasonic imaging, which employ imaging probes to target and detect molecular and cellular dynamics in a living system. Molecular imaging is crucial to see what is happening inside the cell and body at a molecular level, leading to an indispensable modality in life sciences and medical sciences. To date, molecular imaging has been improved not only by the development of imaging probes, but also by the development of imaging techniques. This Special Issue focusses on the recent developments, advances, and future prospects in the area of molecular imaging probes/techniques. This Issue will contain research communications, papers, and reviews in chemical, biological, and biomedical study, regarding the development and application of molecular imaging probes/techniques.

Prof. Dr. Takashi Jin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Molecular imaging probes/techniques
  • Optical (fluorescence/bioluminescence/Raman) imaging
  • CT/MRI/PET/ultrasonic imaging
  • Cellular imaging/sensing
  • Super-resolution imaging
  • In vivo imaging
  • Cancer detection
  • Biomedical applications

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 2734 KiB  
Article
Combination of Low-Temperature Electrosurgical Unit and Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Molecular Profiling and Classification of Tissues
by Gennady Sukhikh, Vitaliy Chagovets, Xinchen Wang, Valeriy Rodionov, Vlada Kometova, Alisa Tokareva, Alexey Kononikhin, Natalia Starodubtseva, Konstantin Chingin, Huanwen Chen and Vladimir Frankevich
Molecules 2019, 24(16), 2957; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162957 - 15 Aug 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3500
Abstract
Real-time molecular navigation of tissue surgeries is an important goal at present. Combination of electrosurgical units and mass spectrometry (MS) to perform accurate molecular visualization of biological tissues has been pursued by many research groups. Determination of molecular tissue composition at a particular [...] Read more.
Real-time molecular navigation of tissue surgeries is an important goal at present. Combination of electrosurgical units and mass spectrometry (MS) to perform accurate molecular visualization of biological tissues has been pursued by many research groups. Determination of molecular tissue composition at a particular location by surgical smoke analysis is now of increasing interest for clinical use. However, molecular analysis of surgical smoke is commonly lacking molecular specificity and is associated with significant carbonization and chemical contamination, which are mainly related to the high temperature of smoke at which many molecules become unstable. Unlike traditional electrosurgical tools, low-temperature electrosurgical units allow tissue dissection without substantial heating. Here, we show that low-temperature electrosurgical units can be used for desorption of molecules from biological tissues without thermal degradation. The use of extractive electrospray ionization technique for the ionization of desorbed molecules allowed us to obtain mass spectra of healthy and pathological tissues with high degree of differentiation. Overall, the data indicate that the described approach has potential for intraoperative use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Molecular Imaging Probes/Techniques)
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15 pages, 2963 KiB  
Article
Stability Evaluation and Stabilization of a Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor (GRPR) Targeting Imaging Pharmaceutical
by Arijit Ghosh, Karen Woolum, Shankaran Kothandaraman, Michael F. Tweedle and Krishan Kumar
Molecules 2019, 24(16), 2878; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162878 - 8 Aug 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3319
Abstract
The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) are identified as important targets on prostate cancer. Receptor-targeting radiolabeled imaging pharmaceuticals with high affinity and specificity are useful in studying and monitoring biological processes and responses. Two potential imaging pharmaceuticals, AMBA agonist [...] Read more.
The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) are identified as important targets on prostate cancer. Receptor-targeting radiolabeled imaging pharmaceuticals with high affinity and specificity are useful in studying and monitoring biological processes and responses. Two potential imaging pharmaceuticals, AMBA agonist (where AMBA = DO3A-CH2CO-G-[4-aminobenzyl]- Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Leu-Met-NH2) and RM1 antagonist (where RM1 = DO3A-CH2CO-G-[4-aminobenzyl]-D-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2), have demonstrated high binding affinity (IC50) to GRP receptors and high tumor uptake. Antagonists, despite the poor tumor cell internalization properties, can show clearer images and pharmacokinetic profiles by virtue of their higher tumor uptake in animal models compared to agonists. For characterization, development, and translation of a potential imaging pharmaceutical into the clinic, it must be evaluated in a series of tests, including in vitro cell binding assays, in vitro buffer and serum stability studies, the biodistribution of the radiolabeled material, and finally imaging studies in preclinical animal models. Data related to acetate buffer, mouse, canine, and human sera stability of 177Lu-labeled RM1 are presented here and compared with the acetate buffer and sera stability data of AMBA agonist. The samples of 177Lu-labeled RM1 with a high radioconcentration degrade faster than low-radioconcentration samples upon storage at 2–8 °C. Addition of stabilizers, ascorbic acid and gentisic acid, improve the stability of 177Lu-labeled RM1 significantly with gentisic acid being more efficient than ascorbic acid as a stabilizer. The degradation kinetics of 177Lu-labeled AMBA and RM1 in sera follow the order (fastest to slowest): mouse > canine > human sera. Finally, 177Lu-labeled RM1 antagonist is slower to degrade in mouse, canine, and human sera than 177Lu-labeled AMBA agonist, further suggesting that an antagonist is a more promising candidate than agonist for the positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and therapy of prostate cancer patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Molecular Imaging Probes/Techniques)
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