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Micromachines
Special Issues
Nonlinear Optics with 2D Materials
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Nonlinear Optics with 2D Materials

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "A：Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 9678

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jiayang Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
Interests: integrated photonics; nonlinear optics; 2D materials; optical communications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are atomically thin, layered films that are currently at the centre of significant research effort. In the field of optics, 2D materials have exhibited many remarkable optical properties, such as ultrafast broadband optical response, large optical nonlinearities, and strong excitonic effects, which have enabled many new photonic devices that are fundamentally different from those based on traditional bulk materials. Recently, increasing research efforts on 2D materials have been projected towards their nonlinear optical properties, which are not only fascinating from a fundamental science point of view but also intriguing for their various potential applications. It has been demonstrated that 2D materials such as graphene, graphene oxide, and MoS2 have giant Kerr nonlinear responses several orders of magnitude higher than that of bulk materials such as silicon. Moreover, 2D materials have shown superior performance as broadband, fast-recovery saturable absorbers for mode-locking in ultrafast pulsed fibre lasers. 

Accordingly, this Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers and review articles that focus on nonlinear optics with 2D materials, including both investigation of 2D materials’ nonlinear optical properties (e.g., saturable absorption, multiphoton absorption, and 2nd- or 3rd-order nonlinearity) and applying these properties in ultrafast all-optical signal generation and processing. 

Prof. Dr. Jiayang Wu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • 2D materials
  • nonlinear optics
  • saturable absorption
  • 2nd- or 3rd-order nonlinear processes
  • all-optical signal generation and processing

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2450 KiB  
Article
Photo-Thermal Tuning of Graphene Oxide Coated Integrated Optical Waveguides
by Yang Qu, Yunyi Yang, Jiayang Wu, Yuning Zhang, Linnan Jia, Houssein El Dirani, Romain Crochemore, Corrado Sciancalepore, Pierre Demongodin, Christian Grillet, Christelle Monat, Baohua Jia and David J. Moss
Micromachines 2022, 13(8), 1194; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13081194 - 28 Jul 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1745
Abstract
We experimentally investigate power-sensitive photo-thermal tuning (PTT) of two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films coated on integrated optical waveguides. We measure the light power thresholds for reversible and permanent GO reduction in silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides integrated with one and two layers of [...] Read more.
We experimentally investigate power-sensitive photo-thermal tuning (PTT) of two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films coated on integrated optical waveguides. We measure the light power thresholds for reversible and permanent GO reduction in silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides integrated with one and two layers of GO. For the device with one layer of GO, the power threshold for reversible and permanent GO reduction are ~20 and ~22 dBm, respectively. For the device with two layers of GO, the corresponding results are ~13 and ~18 dBm, respectively. Raman spectra at different positions of a hybrid waveguide with permanently reduced GO are characterized, verifying the inhomogeneous GO reduction along the direction of light propagation through the waveguide. The differences between the PTT induced by a continuous-wave laser and a pulsed laser are also compared, confirming that the PTT mainly depend on the average input power. These results reveal interesting features for 2D GO films coated on integrated optical waveguides, which are of fundamental importance for the control and engineering of GO’s properties in hybrid integrated photonic devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optics with 2D Materials)
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14 pages, 2206 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Spectral Broadening of Femtosecond Optical Pulses in Silicon Nanowires Integrated with 2D Graphene Oxide Films
by Yuning Zhang, Jiayang Wu, Yunyi Yang, Yang Qu, Linnan Jia, Baohua Jia and David J. Moss
Micromachines 2022, 13(5), 756; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13050756 - 11 May 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2045
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate enhanced spectral broadening of femtosecond optical pulses after propagation through silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanowire waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SOI nanowires and the GO films with a high Kerr [...] Read more.
We experimentally demonstrate enhanced spectral broadening of femtosecond optical pulses after propagation through silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanowire waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SOI nanowires and the GO films with a high Kerr nonlinearity, the self-phase modulation (SPM) process in the hybrid waveguides is significantly enhanced, resulting in greatly improved spectral broadening of the femtosecond optical pulses. A solution-based, transfer-free coating method is used to integrate GO films onto the SOI nanowires with precise control of the film thickness. Detailed SPM measurements using femtosecond optical pulses are carried out, achieving a broadening factor of up to ~4.3 for a device with 0.4-mm-long, 2 layers of GO. By fitting the experimental results with the theory, we obtain an improvement in the waveguide nonlinear parameter by a factor of ~3.5 and in the effective nonlinear figure of merit (FOM) by a factor of ~3.8, relative to the uncoated waveguide. Finally, we discuss the influence of GO film length on the spectral broadening and compare the nonlinear optical performance of different integrated waveguides coated with GO films. These results confirm the improved nonlinear optical performance of silicon devices integrated with 2D GO films. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optics with 2D Materials)
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11 pages, 1007 KiB  
Article
Analyzing Distributed Vibrating Sensing Technologies in Optical Meshes
by Saifur Rahman, Farman Ali, Fazal Muhammad, Muhammad Irfan, Adam Glowacz, Mohammed Shahed Akond, Ammar Armghan, Salim Nasar Faraj Mursal, Amjad Ali and Fahad Salem Alkahtani
Micromachines 2022, 13(1), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13010085 - 5 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1340
Abstract
Hundreds of kilometers of optical fibers are installed for optical meshes (OMs) to transmit data over long distances. The visualization of these deployed optical fibers is a highlighted issue because the conventional procedure can only measure the optical losses. Thus, this paper presents [...] Read more.
Hundreds of kilometers of optical fibers are installed for optical meshes (OMs) to transmit data over long distances. The visualization of these deployed optical fibers is a highlighted issue because the conventional procedure can only measure the optical losses. Thus, this paper presents distributed vibration sensing (DVS) estimation mechanisms to visualize the optical fiber behavior installed for OMs which is not possible by conventional measurements. The proposed technique will detect the power of light inside the optical fiber, as well as different physical parameters such as the phase of transmitted light inside the thread, the frequency of vibration, and optical losses. The applicability of optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) and optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) DVS techniques are validated theoretically for various state detection procedures in optical fibers. The simulation model is investigated in terms of elapsed time, the spectrum of a light signal, frequency, and the impact of many external physical accidents with optical fibers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optics with 2D Materials)
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Review

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20 pages, 4866 KiB  
Review
Third-Order Optical Nonlinearities of 2D Materials at Telecommunications Wavelengths
by Linnan Jia, Jiayang Wu, Yuning Zhang, Yang Qu, Baohua Jia and David J. Moss
Micromachines 2023, 14(2), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020307 - 25 Jan 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3132
Abstract
All-optical signal processing based on nonlinear optical devices is promising for ultrafast information processing in optical communication systems. Recent advances in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with unique structures and distinctive properties have opened up new avenues for nonlinear optics and the fabrication of [...] Read more.
All-optical signal processing based on nonlinear optical devices is promising for ultrafast information processing in optical communication systems. Recent advances in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with unique structures and distinctive properties have opened up new avenues for nonlinear optics and the fabrication of related devices with high performance. This paper reviews the recent advances in research on third-order optical nonlinearities of 2D materials, focusing on all-optical processing applications in the optical telecommunications band near 1550 nm. First, we provide an overview of the material properties of different 2D materials. Next, we review different methods for characterizing the third-order optical nonlinearities of 2D materials, including the Z-scan technique, third-harmonic generation (THG) measurement, and hybrid device characterization, together with a summary of the measured n2 values in the telecommunications band. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Optics with 2D Materials)
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