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Applied Sciences
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Recent Perspectives on Smart Structures and Infrastructures for Enhanced Vibration...
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Recent Perspectives on Smart Structures and Infrastructures for Enhanced Vibration Mitigation and Health Monitoring

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2023) | Viewed by 8395

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Maurizio De Angelis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Interests: structural control; structural monitoring; structural identification; seismic engineering; experimental dynamics
Prof. Dr. Michela Basili

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Economics, Mercatorum University, 00186 Rome, Italy
Interests: passive and semi active vibration control and dynamics; seismic engineering; seismic protection of masonry buildings

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to recent perspectives on smart civil structures and infrastructures for enhanced vibration mitigation and health monitoring. A smart structure or infrastructure can be achieved by adding smart materials, devices,  sensors, signal processors, or communication networks in order to increase its safety, to monitor its health during the entire life cycle, to enhance its comfort and functionality in the exercise conditions, or to smartly adapt itself to different loading conditions. Ambient and anthropic loadings, acting directly or indirectly, on structures and infrastructures cause vibrations that should be limited. Designing smart structures and infrastructures or introducing smartness in existent structures and infrastructures makes it possible to continuously monitor their dynamical response and to mitigate vibrations when they are undesired or exceed a given threshold.

This Special Issue centers topics that concern:

  • The control system (passive, semi active, active, hybrid);
  • The control devices (absorbers, dampers, inerters, isolators, etc.);
  • The design strategy and related tools (optimization problems, solving algorithms, computational burdens, etc.);
  • The smart materials (concerning sensors and devices);
  • The structural health monitoring apparatus (sensors and networks, materials, placement along the structure, dynamical monitoring, remote monitoring and control, algorithms, data acquisition systems, processing aspects).

The actions considered arise from the environment (e.g., earthquake, wind, temperature), as well as from anthropic activities (e.g., traffic produced by vehicles, trains, etc.). We welcome the submission of papers that deepen our understanding of problems concerning modelling and numerical aspects as well as those that present experimental results from monitoring and control tests.

Prof. Dr. Maurizio De Angelis
Prof. Dr. Michela Basili
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • smart structures and infrastructures
  • dynamic vibrations
  • control systems and devices
  • optimal design
  • dynamical modelling
  • structural health monitoring
  • smart sensors
  • smart materials
  • optimal placement
  • dynamical monitoring

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5146 KiB  
Article
Intermediate Isolation System with Nonlinear Lower Structure and Isolation System
by Francesco Esposito, Mario Argenziano, Diana Faiella and Elena Mele
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(7), 4590; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13074590 - 4 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1554
Abstract
This paper reports a study on the Intermediate Isolation System (IIS) applied to existing buildings. This kind of application is particularly suitable when a vertical addition is planned for buildings in seismic zones; in such a case, an isolation system can be placed [...] Read more.
This paper reports a study on the Intermediate Isolation System (IIS) applied to existing buildings. This kind of application is particularly suitable when a vertical addition is planned for buildings in seismic zones; in such a case, an isolation system can be placed at the base of the extension to prevent the increase, or, better, to reduce the seismic demand on the existing structure. In previous works, parametric response spectrum analyses have been carried out on lumped mass models by varying the period of the isolation system. As a result, a sort of IIS design spectrum has been derived and used for selecting design solutions for the vertical extension that minimize the overall seismic response. In this paper, the above design indications are assessed in the light of nonlinear time history analyses, accounting for the hysteretic response of the existing structure and the nonlinear behaviour of the isolation system. The IIS configurations are analysed and the results are discussed and compared in terms of peak response. In light of the obtained analysis results, the effectiveness and robustness of IIS applications for vertical extensions are discussed, and design implications are suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Perspectives on Smart Structures and Infrastructures for Enhanced Vibration Mitigation and Health Monitoring)
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16 pages, 12617 KiB  
Article
An Integrated Approach for Structural Health Monitoring and Damage Detection of Bridges: An Experimental Assessment
by Dario Fiandaca, Alberto Di Matteo, Bernardo Patella, Nadia Moukri, Rosalinda Inguanta, Daniel Llort, Antonio Mulone, Angelo Mulone, Soughah Alsamahi and Antonina Pirrotta
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(24), 13018; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122413018 - 19 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1928
Abstract
The issue of monitoring the structural condition of bridges is becoming a top priority worldwide. As is well known, any infrastructure undergoes a progressive deterioration of its structural conditions due to aging by normal service loads and environmental conditions. At the same time, [...] Read more.
The issue of monitoring the structural condition of bridges is becoming a top priority worldwide. As is well known, any infrastructure undergoes a progressive deterioration of its structural conditions due to aging by normal service loads and environmental conditions. At the same time, it may suffer serious damages or collapse due to natural phenomena such as earthquakes or strong winds. For this reason, it is essential to rely on efficient and widespread monitoring techniques applied throughout the entire road network. This paper aims to introduce an integrated procedure for structural and material monitoring. With regard to structural monitoring, an innovative approach for monitoring based on Vehicle by Bridge Interaction (VBI) will be proposed. Furthermore, with regard to material monitoring, to evaluate concrete degradation, a non-invasive method based on the continuous monitoring of the pH, as well as chloride and sulfate ions concentration in the concrete, is presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Perspectives on Smart Structures and Infrastructures for Enhanced Vibration Mitigation and Health Monitoring)
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20 pages, 4875 KiB  
Article
Improvement of the Dynamic and Seismic Behaviour of Rigid Block-like Structures by a Hysteretic Mass Damper Coupled with an Inerter
by Angelo Di Egidio and Alessandro Contento
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(22), 11527; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122211527 - 13 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1111
Abstract
The protection of rigid block-like structures against seismic hazards is a widely studied topic and has been achieved to different degrees with active and passive protection methods. For the protection of rigid block-like structures, this paper proposes the coupling of a rigid block-like [...] Read more.
The protection of rigid block-like structures against seismic hazards is a widely studied topic and has been achieved to different degrees with active and passive protection methods. For the protection of rigid block-like structures, this paper proposes the coupling of a rigid block-like structure, modelled as a single rigid block, with an external, auxiliary system through a hysteretic elasto-plastic device. The auxiliary system is constituted by an oscillating mass, whose inertial effects are amplified by the use of an inerter device. The auxiliary system works as a hysteretic mass damper. The elasto-plastic behaviour of the coupling device is described by the Bouc–Wen model. The mechanical model of the coupled system has two degrees of freedom, and its equations of motion can be written by following a direct approach. A preliminary analysis is performed by exciting different coupled systems and the corresponding stand-alone rigid blocks with harmonic base accelerations. Such an investigation is aimed at understanding the sensitivity of the dynamics of the coupled systems to the characteristics of the rigid blocks and auxiliary systems and is performed by comparing the frequency–response curves of the coupled systems with those of the corresponding stand-alone rigid blocks. A further analysis is performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed protection methodology under seismic excitation. Both the harmonic and seismic analyses show that the main parameter to be tuned to achieve the protection of the rigid block-like structures is the apparent mass of the inerter device. A proper choice of such a mass improves the dynamics of the rigid block-like structures, leading to smaller oscillations for the same level of excitation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Perspectives on Smart Structures and Infrastructures for Enhanced Vibration Mitigation and Health Monitoring)
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22 pages, 21797 KiB  
Article
Experimental Dynamic Response of a Multi-Story Frame Structure Equipped with Non-Conventional TMD Implemented via Inter-Story Isolation
by Michela Basili and Maurizio De Angelis
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(18), 9153; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12189153 - 13 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1371
Abstract
A shaking table experiment conducted on a multi-degrees-of-freedom frame structure equipped with a non-conventional tuned mass damper (TMD) is presented. The non-conventional TMD is characterized by a high mass ratio, without adding further structural masses, and is realized via inter-story isolation. The structure [...] Read more.
A shaking table experiment conducted on a multi-degrees-of-freedom frame structure equipped with a non-conventional tuned mass damper (TMD) is presented. The non-conventional TMD is characterized by a high mass ratio, without adding further structural masses, and is realized via inter-story isolation. The structure top story mass of a four-story steel frame structure is isolated and converted into tuned mass, connecting to the substructure with two high damping rubber bearings placed in series. Aspects related to the dynamic structural response as well as the seismic effectiveness assessment of a non-conventional TMD are addressed. Three structural configurations are tested: the reference four-story structure, the three-story intermediate structure, and the three-story structure equipped with a non-conventional TMD. The input motion conditions considered are: white noise, sine sweep, and natural earthquakes. Through experiments, structural identification is carried out and different dynamic behaviors emerge for the configurations tested. The nonlinear effects provoked on the structure by the adopted isolators are investigated, showing high dissipative capabilities in a wide range of amplitudes of the excitation. It is demonstrated that a non-conventional TMD is a smart control strategy useful for enhancing structural vibration mitigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Perspectives on Smart Structures and Infrastructures for Enhanced Vibration Mitigation and Health Monitoring)
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12 pages, 2781 KiB  
Article
Damping Behavior of Hybrid Composite Structures by Aeronautical Technologies
by Alice Proietti, Nicola Gallo, Denise Bellisario, Fabrizio Quadrini and Loredana Santo
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(15), 7932; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12157932 - 8 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1498
Abstract
Hybrid composite laminates are manufactured by using technologies and raw materials of the aeronautic sector with the aim to improve the damping behavior of composite structures. Matrix hybridization was achieved by laminating carbon fiber reinforced (CFR) plies with elastomer interlayers. Up to 10 [...] Read more.
Hybrid composite laminates are manufactured by using technologies and raw materials of the aeronautic sector with the aim to improve the damping behavior of composite structures. Matrix hybridization was achieved by laminating carbon fiber reinforced (CFR) plies with elastomer interlayers. Up to 10 different composite sandwich architectures were investigated by changing the stacking sequence, the thickness of the elastomer layers, and the elastomer typology, whereas the total number of the CFR plies was fixed to six for all the hybrid composites. Square panels with the size of 300 × 300 mm2 were autoclave molded with vacuum bagging, and rectangular samples were extracted for static and dynamic tests. Dynamic mechanical analyses were performed to measure the storage modulus and loss factor of hybrid materials, which were compared with static and dynamic performances of the composite structures under bending. Repeated loading–unloading cycles and free oscillation tests allowed us to the energy loss per unit of volume, and the acceleration damping, respectively. Results show that softest elastomer interlayers lead to big loss of stiffness without any positive effect in the damping behavior, which worsens as well. By using soft elastomers, complex architectures do not provide any additional benefit in comparison with the traditional sandwich structure with soft core and hard skins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Perspectives on Smart Structures and Infrastructures for Enhanced Vibration Mitigation and Health Monitoring)
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