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Dear Colleagues,

For this special issue on “Dietary Management of Dyslipidemia” we invite reviews of evidence-based strategies for dietary management of dyslipidemia in various populations at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Dyslipidemia is a major modifiable risk factor for CVD even in the presence of genetic susceptibility for metabolic diseases. The prevalence of dyslipidemia has increased steadily worlwide as people migrate from rural to urban communities with unhealthy lifestyles. The health burden associated with primary and secondary dyslipidemia has increased consistently not only in adults but also in pediatric populations.

Dietary changes and sedentary lifestyle seem to account for the shift from low risk to high risk for dyslipidemia and CVD. For this reason, treatment guidelines generally advocate lifestyle modification as adjunct to pharmacotherapy in secondary prevention of CVD or as the first-line therapy in most cases of dyslipidemia in primary prevention.

Several studies have been published in the past 5 to 10 years that examine the effect of diet on dyslipidemia in otherwise healthy subjects, or in patients with comorbidities such as diabetes or metabolic syndrome. The study outcomes focus not only on the impact of the diet on plasma levels of LDL cholesterol but also on triglycerides and HDL lipoproteins. This special issue invites updates on diet as adjunct to pharmacotherapy of dyslipidemia in secondary prevention or as first-line therapy in primary prevention.

Prof. Dr. Gloria Vega
Guest Editor

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Keywords

Dietary fats, sterols, stanols
Atherogenic dyslipidemia
Combined or mixed dyslipidemia

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 724 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between Dietary Cholesterol and Their Food Sources and Risk for Hypercholesterolemia: The 2012–2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

by Dongjoo Cha and Yongsoon Park

Nutrients 2019, 11(4), 846; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040846 - 15 Apr 2019

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5778

Abstract

It remains unclear whether cholesterol intake can increase serum cholesterol. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the risk for hypercholesterolemia was not associated with intake of dietary cholesterol after adjusting for saturated fatty acid (SFA). Based on the data from the 2012–2016 KNHANES, dietary cholesterol was positively associated with the risk for abnormalities in total cholesterol (TC) (odds ratio (OR): 1.153, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.995–1.337; p = 0.028) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (OR: 1.186, 95% CI: 1.019–1.382; p = 0.018) levels before adjusting for SFA; after adjusting for SFA, no significant associations were found between these variables. The mediation analysis showed that dietary cholesterol had no direct effects on the serum levels of TC and LDL-C; in contrast, SFA had significant indirect effects on the association between dietary cholesterol and serum levels of TC and LDL-C. Furthermore, processed meats, but not eggs and other meats, were positively associated with the risk for abnormalities in both TC (OR: 1.220, 95% CI: 1.083–1.374; p = 0.001) and LDL-C (OR: 1.193, 95% CI: 1.052–1.354; p = 0.004) levels. The present study suggested that higher intake of processed meats with high SFA, but not dietary cholesterol was associated with higher risk for abnormalities in TC and LDL-C levels. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Management of Dyslipidemia)

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13 pages, 1690 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Red Blood Cell Aggregation-Associated Dietary Pattern Predicts Hyperlipidemia and Metabolic Syndrome

by Pei Lin, Chun-Chao Chang, Kuo-Ching Yuan, Hsing-Jung Yeh, Sheng-Uei Fang, Tiong Cheng, Kai-Tse Teng, Kuo-Ching Chao, Jui-Hsiang Tang, Wei-Yu Kao, Pao-Ying Lin, Ju-Shian Liu and Jung-Su Chang

Nutrients 2018, 10(8), 1127; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10081127 - 20 Aug 2018

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4952

Abstract

Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and iron status are interrelated and strongly influenced by dietary factors, and their alterations pose a great risk of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Currently, RBC aggregation-related dietary patterns remain unclear. This study investigated the dietary patterns that were associated with RBC aggregation and their predictive effects on hyperlipidemia and MetS. Anthropometric and blood biochemical data and food frequency questionnaires were collected from 212 adults. Dietary patterns were derived using reduced rank regression from 32 food groups. Adjusted linear regression showed that hepcidin, soluble CD163, and serum transferrin saturation (%TS) independently predicted RBC aggregation (all p < 0.01). Age-, sex-, and log-transformed body mass index (BMI)-adjusted prevalence rate ratio (PRR) showed a significant positive correlation between RBC aggregation and hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05). RBC aggregation and iron-related dietary pattern scores (high consumption of noodles and deep-fried foods and low intake of steamed, boiled, and raw food, dairy products, orange, red, and purple vegetables, white and light-green vegetables, seafood, and rice) were also significantly associated with hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05) and MetS (p-trend = 0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, and log-transformed BMI. Our results may help dieticians develop dietary strategies for preventing dyslipidemia and MetS. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Management of Dyslipidemia)

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