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Animals
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Antibiotic Use in Animals—Second Edition
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Antibiotic Use in Animals—Second Edition

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal System and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2024 | Viewed by 2263

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Pedro Marín Carrillo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain
Interests: pharmacokinetics; antibiotics; anesthetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Antibiotic resistance has become a serious global problem and is steadily increasing worldwide in almost every bacterial species treated with antibiotics. Continued access to antibiotics is critical to veterinary medicine; however, the use of these drugs in animals must be managed well.

Often, there are few registered drugs for minor or exotic species, which leads to the use of different drugs under exceptional prescription by adapting or extrapolating the recommended dosage from major species. This extrapolation can cause potential overdosing or underdosing, risks of bacterial resistance development, and the presence of residues of these pharmacologically active substances in meat or other animal-derived products intended for human consumption.

The aim of this Special Issue is to publish original research papers or reviews concerning the use of antibiotics in animals to ensure clinical success and prevent the emergence of bacterial resistance and food residues.

Areas of interest, relevant to antibiotics, include the following: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, susceptibility, PK/PD integration, efficacy studies, and withdrawal periods.

We invite you to share your recent findings through this Special Issue.

Dr. Pedro Marín Carrillo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibiotics
  • pharmacodynamics
  • pharmacokinetics
  • PK/PD integration
  • susceptibility
  • withdrawal periods
  • bioavailability
  • drug dosage adjustment
  • therapeutic drug monitoring
  • sustained- or controlled-release formulations
  • pharmacokinetic drug interactions

Related Special Issues

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1313 KiB  
Article
Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Residues, and Withdrawal Times of Oxytetracycline in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after Single- and Multiple-Dose Oral Administration
by Orhan Corum, Duygu Durna Corum, Ertugrul Terzi and Kamil Uney
Animals 2023, 13(24), 3845; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13243845 - 14 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 899
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline (OTC) following single- (60 mg/kg) and multiple-dose oral administrations (60 mg/kg, every 24 h for 7 days) in rainbow trout. It also aimed to determine bioavailability after a single dose and [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline (OTC) following single- (60 mg/kg) and multiple-dose oral administrations (60 mg/kg, every 24 h for 7 days) in rainbow trout. It also aimed to determine bioavailability after a single dose and tissue residues and withdrawal times after multiple doses. This study was carried out on 420 rainbow trout at 9 ± 0.8 °C. This study was carried out in two stages: single-dose (intravascular and oral) and multiple-dose treatment. The OTC concentrations in plasma and tissues were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed by a non-compartmental method. The withdrawal time (WT) was estimated using the WT 1.4 software. OTC exhibited a long terminal elimination half-life (t1/2ʎz) after IV and oral administration. The oral bioavailability of OTC was very low (2.80%). In multiple-dose treatment, t1/2ʎz, the area under the plasma concentration–time curve and peak plasma concentration increased significantly after the last day compared to the first day. OTC showed strong accumulation after multiple doses with a value of 5.33. OTC concentrations were obtained in the order liver > kidney > muscle+skin > plasma. At 9 ± 0.8 °C, the WT calculated for muscle+skin was 56 days for Europe and 50 days for China, respectively. The t1/2ʎz (68.94 h) and time (68 h) above the 1 µg/mL MIC following a single OTC dose may support the extension of the 24 h dosing interval following multiple dosing. However, further studies are required to determine the optimal dosage regimen in multiple-dose OTC treatment in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic Use in Animals—Second Edition)
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17 pages, 1812 KiB  
Article
Determination of Multi-Class Antimicrobial Residues and Antimicrobial Resistance in Cow Milk and Feces Samples during Withdrawal Period
by Zehra Hajrulai-Musliu, Risto Uzunov, Maksud Krluku, Stefan Jovanov, Velimir Stojkovski, Mila Arapcheska, Dea Musliu and James Jacob Sasanya
Animals 2023, 13(23), 3603; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13233603 - 22 Nov 2023
Viewed by 951
Abstract
The use of antimicrobials in livestock production and their effect on the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health problem for humans, animals and the environment. The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial residue levels in milk and feces [...] Read more.
The use of antimicrobials in livestock production and their effect on the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health problem for humans, animals and the environment. The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial residue levels in milk and feces samples during the withdrawal period in dairy cattle administrated with a single dose of the drug, as well as to characterize the antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli cultured from feces samples. In the study, dairy cows from three different farms in North Macedonia were included. Raw milk and feces samples were collected before drug administration (0 day) and on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 7th and 21st day after drug administration. The antimicrobial residues of oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim and procaine-benzylpenicillin were determined using a validated liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method involving stable isotopes. According to results obtained, the highest levels of analyzed antimicrobial residues were determined on the first day after drug administration, which then gradually decreased until their elimination (7th day). The highest AMR of E. coli (100%) was found in β-lactam antimicrobials. Less exposure to broad-spectrum antimicrobials could be an important factor for reduction of AMR on dairy farms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic Use in Animals—Second Edition)
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