2022 December-2 - 454 articles
During channel modeling for high-mobility channels, such as high-speed train (HST) channels, the velocity of the mobile radio station is assumed to be constant. However, this might not be realistic due to the dynamic movement of the train along the t...
The accurate estimation of the mass and center of gravity (CG) position is key to vehicle dynamics modeling. The perturbation of key parameters in vehicle dynamics models can result in a reduction of accurate vehicle control and may even cause seriou...
Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) is an innovative training method that stimulates large areas simultaneously. In order to determine the spatial distribution of WB-EMS with respect to volume involvement and stimulation depth, we determined th...
(1) Background: The research area of video surveillance anomaly detection aims to automatically detect the moment when a video surveillance camera captures something that does not fit the normal pattern. This is a difficult task, but it is important...
In recent years, the use of indoor localization techniques has increased significantly in a large number of areas, including industry and healthcare, primarily for monitoring and tracking reasons. From the field of radio frequency technologies, an ul...
The event sensor provides high temporal resolution and generates large amounts of raw event data. Efficient low-complexity coding solutions are required for integration into low-power event-processing chips with limited memory. In this paper, a novel...
Confocal Raman microscopic (CRM) imaging has evolved to become a key tool for spatially resolved, compositional analysis and imaging, down to the μm-scale, and nowadays one may choose between numerous commercial instruments. That notwithstanding,...
In this paper, a novel nanocrystalline composite material of hydroxyapatite (HA)/polyvinyltrimethoxysilane (PVTMS)/iron(II)chloride tetrahydrate (Cl2FeH8-O4) with hexagonal structure is proposed for the fabrication of a gas/temperature sensor. Taking...
Smart tourism is the latest achievement of tourism development at home and abroad. It is also an essential part of the smart city. Promoting the application of computer and sensor technology in smart tourism is conducive to improving the efficiency o...
The human visual system (HVS) mechanism has been successfully introduced into the field of infrared small target detection. However, most of the current detection algorithms based on the mechanism of the human visual system ignore the continuous dire...
When using off-axis digital image correlation (DIC) for non-contact, remote, and multipoint deflection monitoring of engineering structures, accurate calibration of the scale factor (SF), which converts image displacement to physical displacement for...
Intelligent video surveillance based on artificial intelligence, image processing, and other advanced technologies is a hot topic of research in the upcoming era of Industry 5.0. Currently, low recognition accuracy and low location precision of devic...
In this paper, an optimal design of a high-efficiency DC-DC boost converter is proposed for RF energy harvesting Internet of Things (IoT) sensors. Since the output DC voltage of the RF-DC rectifier for RF energy harvesting varies considerably dependi...
The combination of non-specific deformable nanogels and plasmonic optical probes provides an innovative solution for specific sensing using a generalistic recognition layer. Soft polyacrylamide nanogels that lack specific selectivity but are characte...
An adaptive digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) continually adjusts the noise bandwidth of the loop filter in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers to track signals by measuring the signal-to-noise ratio and/or dynamic stress. Such DPLLs h...
Mechanical industrial infrastructures in mining sites must be monitored regularly. Conveyor systems are mechanical systems that are commonly used for safe and efficient transportation of bulk goods in mines. Regular inspection of conveyor systems is...
In addition to depth measurements, airborne LiDAR bathymetry (ALB) has shown usefulness in suspended sediment concentration (SSC) inversion. However, SSC retrieval using ALB based on waveform decomposition or near-water-surface penetration by green l...
Attitude control subjected to pointing constraints is a requirement for most spacecraft missions carrying sensitive on-board equipment. Pointing constraints can be divided into two categories: exclusion zones that are defined for sensitive equipment...
Fault diagnosis and health condition monitoring have always been critical issues in the engineering research community [...]
Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a technique that allows the disabled to interact with a computer directly from their brain. P300 Event-Related Potentials (ERP) of the brain have widely been used in several applications of the BCIs such as character...
IoT technology applied to agriculture has produced a number of contributions in the recent years. Such solutions are, most of the time, fully tailored to a particular functional target and focus extensively on sensor-hardware development and customiz...
The damage caused by natural disasters in rural areas differs in nature extent, landscape, and structure, from the damage caused in urban environments. Previous and current studies have focused mainly on mapping damaged structures in urban areas afte...
The effective and safe detection of illicit materials, explosives in particular, is currently of growing importance taking into account the geopolitical situation and increasing risk of a terrorist attack. The commonly used methods of detection are b...
The effects of temperature changes on cameras are realized by observing the drifts of characteristic points in the image plane. Compensation for these effects is crucial to maintain the precision of cameras applied in machine vision systems and those...
The conventional approach to optimising plasmonic sensors is typically based entirely on ensuring phase matching between the excitation wave and the surface plasmon supported by the metallic structure. However, this leads to suboptimal performance, e...
The application of Polyvinylidene Fluoride or Polyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF) in harvesting energy from tire deformation was investigated in this study. An instrumented tire with different sizes of PVDF-based piezoelectric patches and a tri-axial ac...
Autonomous vehicles are the near future of the automobile industry. However, until they reach Level 5, humans and cars will share this intermediate future. Therefore, studying the transition between autonomous and manual modes is a fascinating topic....
The detection of road facilities or roadside structures is essential for high-definition (HD) maps and intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). With the rapid development of deep-learning algorithms in recent years, deep-learning-based object detec...
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology is a mainstream detection method used in medical diagnoses, environmental monitoring, food hygiene, and safety. However, the systematic analysis of a compact structure with fast temperature changes for a...
To detect faint target stars of 22nd magnitude and above, an astronomical exploration project requires its space camera’s readout noise to be less than 5e− with long-time working stability. Due to the limitation of satellite, the traditio...
To solve the problem in which the output power and wavelength of semiconductor lasers in fiber optic sensing systems are easily affected by the drive current and temperature, a high-precision current drive and temperature control system was developed...
In recent years, the ENEA has introduced a novel methodology based on motion magnification (MM) into the Italian cultural heritage protection and monitoring field. It consists of a digital video signal processing technique able to amplify enormously...
Chalcogenide glasses are widely used as sensitive membranes in the chemical sensors for heavy metal ions detection. The lack of research work on sodium ion-selective electrodes (Na+-ISEs) based on chalcogenide glasses is due to the high hygroscopicit...
Exoskeletons and exosuits (collectively termed EXOs) have the potential to reduce the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) by protecting workers from exertion and muscle fatigue due to physically demanding, repetitive, and prolonged...
Heatstroke is a concern during sudden heat waves. We designed and prototyped an Internet of Things system for heatstroke prevention, which integrates physiological information, including deep body temperature (DBT), based on the dual-heat-flux method...
Stepping-based targets such as the number of steps per day provide an intuitive and commonly used method of prescribing and self-monitoring physical activity goals. Physical activity surveillance is increasingly being obtained from wrist-worn acceler...
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which emerged as a pandemic, has engulfed so many lives and affected millions of people across the world since December 2019. Although this disease is under control nowadays, yet it is still affecting people in many...
Taxonomy illustrates that natural creatures can be classified with a hierarchy. The connections between species are explicit and objective and can be organized into a knowledge graph (KG). It is a challenging task to mine features of known categories...
There is a growing interest in scene text detection for arbitrary shapes. The effectiveness of text detection has also evolved from horizontal text detection to the ability to perform text detection in multiple directions and arbitrary shapes. Howeve...
The majority of catastrophic wheelset failures are caused by surface opening fatigue cracks in either the wheel tread or wheel inner. Since failures in railway wheelsets can cause disasters, regular inspections to check for defects in wheels and axle...
Rapid analysis of components in complex matrices has always been a major challenge in constructing sensing methods, especially concerning time and cost. The detection of pesticide residues is an important task in food safety monitoring, which needs e...
Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is an emerging technology for recording vibration signals via the optical fibers buried in subsurface conduits. Its relatively easy-to-deploy and high spatial and temporal sampling characteristics make DAS an appeal...
This paper presents a new type of three-axis gyroscope. The gyroscope comprises two independent parts, which are nested to further reduce the structure volume. The capacitive drive was adopted. The motion equation, capacitance design, and spring desi...
Satellite-based soil moisture products are suitable for large-scale regional monitoring due to the accessibility. Five soil moisture products including SMAP, ESA CCI, and AMSR2 (ascending, descending, and average) were selected in the continental Uni...
Estimation and monitoring of cable tension is of great significance in the structural assessment of cable-supported bridges. For short cables, the traditional cable tension identification method via frequency measurement has large errors due to the i...
Wear and corrosion are common issues of material degradation and failure in industrial appliances. Wear is a damaging process that can impact surface contacts and, more specifically, can cause the loss and distortion of material from a surface becaus...
Intelligent mechanical systems are a focused area nowadays. One of the requirements of intelligent mechanical systems is to achieve intelligent fault diagnosis through the real-time acquisition and analysis of data from various sensors installed on m...
A high-spatial-resolution OFDR distributed temperature sensor based on Au-SMF was experimentally demonstrated by using step-by-step and image wavelet denoising methods (IWDM). The measured temperature between 50 and 600 °C could be successfully d...
The need to overcome the challenges of visual inspections conducted by domain experts drives the recent surge in visual inspection research. Typical manual industrial data analysis and inspection for defects conducted by trained personnel are expensi...
In order to save manpower on rail track inspection, computer vision-based methodologies are developed. We propose utilizing the YOLOv4-Tiny neural network to identify track defects in real time. There are ten defects covering fasteners, rail surfaces...
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