Exposure to Airborne Toxics in Biological Populations and Implications for Health

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2014)

Special Issue Editors

Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N Pk St, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Interests: atmospheric chemistry; source apportionment; measurement of atmospheric pollutants; measurement of air pollution source emissions; atmospheric aerosols; atmospheric mercury; trace metals in the environment and redox cycling of metals; air quality in developing and underdeveloped nations
Institute for Health & Social Policy, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, 1130 Pine Avenue W, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
Interests: cardiovascular disease; environmental health; epidemiology; exposure assessment; household air pollution; pollution composition and health and rural energy interventions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Air pollution health studies have demonstrated a consistent increased risk for a number of adverse health outcomes in relation to both short- and long-term air pollution exposures in biological populations. However, many of these studies use air pollution metrics that lack specificity and are highly correlated with airborne toxic compounds resulting from the fact that they are emitted from common sources (i.e. roadways, Industrial facilities) or meteorological effects. As a result, our current understanding of airborne toxics fails to provide sufficient information to guide air pollution control strategies to best protect human health. Recent advances in exposure assessment, toxicology, and epidemiological methods, and the better integration of tools from these disciplines are helping to better inform which toxics in air pollution are most harmful to biological populations and facilitate more targeted approaches to removing the most toxic components of air pollution. This special issue will bring together current research on airborne toxics that help elucidate the impacts of these pollutants on biological systems and human health outcomes. Original research that demonstrates advances in the development of methods and novel applications of exposure assessment, air pollution epidemiology, and air pollution toxicology are being solicited to contribute to this special issue.

Prof. James Jay Schauer
Prof. Jill Baumgartner
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.


Keywords

  • biomarkers
  • exposure assessment
  • air toxics
  • multi-pollutant atmosphere
  • environmental health

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

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Article
Short-Term Traffic-Related Exposures and Biomarkers of Nitro-PAH Exposure and Oxidative DNA Damage
by Andreas M. Neophytou, Jaime E. Hart, Yan Chang, Junfeng Zhang, Thomas J. Smith, Eric Garshick and Francine Laden
Toxics 2014, 2(3), 377-390; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics2030377 - 22 Jul 2014
Cited by 51 | Viewed by 5928
Abstract
Exposure to vehicle exhaust has been associated with cardiac and respiratory disease, lung cancer and greater overall mortality. We investigated whether amino-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (amino-PAH) metabolites of nitro-PAHs could be used as biomarkers of these exposures. Pre- and post-shift urine samples were collected [...] Read more.
Exposure to vehicle exhaust has been associated with cardiac and respiratory disease, lung cancer and greater overall mortality. We investigated whether amino-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (amino-PAH) metabolites of nitro-PAHs could be used as biomarkers of these exposures. Pre- and post-shift urine samples were collected at the beginning and end of a work week from 82 male U.S. trucking industry workers. We used repeated-measures analysis to examine associations of total 1- and 2-aminonaphthalene (1 & 2-AN) and 1-aminopyrene (1-AP) urinary concentrations with microenvironment exposures to particulate matter (PM2.5), elemental and organic carbon and between 1 & 2-AN and 1-AP with urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). There was an association between work week mean PM2.5 levels and post-shift 1 & 2-AN (141.8 pg/mL increase (95% CI: 53.3, 230.2) for each IQR increase (5.54 µg/m3) in PM2.5), but no associations with other exposure measures. There was a statistically significant increase in 8-OHdG concentrations with 1 & 2-AN (2.38 µg/mg creatinine (95% CI: 0.19, 4.58) per 242.85 pg/mg creatinine increase in 1 & 2-AN) and suggestive associations with all other exposure measures. Our findings suggest associations between urinary amino-PAHs with vehicle exhaust-related PM2.5, as well as with a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. Full article
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