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Mobility and Transport of Heavy Metals from Soil to Water...
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Mobility and Transport of Heavy Metals from Soil to Water through Hydro-, Bio- and Geo-chemical Processes

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Chemical Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2018) | Viewed by 8857

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Rolf David Vogt

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sem Sælands vei 26 0371 OSLO, University of Oslo
Interests: Vogt’s main research field is hydro-biogeochemical interactions between soil and soil water. He uses a combination of field- and laboratory studies, chemical analysis, statistics as well as mathematical models to study the processes governing mobility, transport, fate and effect of natural and anthropogenic compounds in the environment. Vogt’s research is conducted through truly integrated cooperation with scientists within other fields of science. His current main interest is in unravelling the effects of concurrent pressures governing mobility, transport, fate and effect of contaminants in the environment through biogeochemical processes. His focus is on the role of dissolved natural organic matter (DNOM) in the boreal domain, in which most of the long-range transported pollutants accumulate
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pressures on our ecosystems in the Anthropocene are changing with effects on the fluxes of heavy (i.e. soft or type B) metals from the terrestrial system to watercourses. Examples of important stressors on these fluxes are climate change, land-use change, pollution loading, invasive alien species, harvesting, infrastructure and industry development, and transportation. In the boreal domain, we already see major effects on freshwaters. The most apparent is increased transport of dissolved natural organic matter (DNOM), which increases the mobility and transport of heavy metals, as well as affect their speciation. This has effect on the bioavailability as well as their toxicity. E.g. DNOM may increase the bioavailability of mercury by increasing its flux and methylation. On the other hand, it may reduce its bioavailability by chelation to its refractory moieties.

In order to predict future trends and ecosystem effects of heavy metal in surface waters we need to study the hydrological- and biogeochemical processes that are responding to the changing stressors and thereby governing the changes in mobility and transport of heavy metals into surface waters and their toxic effect on aquatic ecosystems.

This special issue of Sustainability invites papers on one or more of the following priority topics:

  • Soilwater flow-paths and biogeochemical processes governing heavy metal mobility and transport from soil to water.
  • Hydrological and biogeochemical processes governing heavy metal trends in concentration, speciation and potential effects on biota through watercourses.
  • Comparative studies between regions (e.g. boreal vs. polar) with different sets of governing environmental stressors and processes.
  • Antagonistic and synergistic interactions between processes governing fluxes and eco-toxic effect of heavy metals.
  • The role of DNOM fluxes and quality on mobility, transport, fractionation/speciation and bioavailability of heavy metals.
  • Development of models and scenarios for elucidating the combined effects of stressors on heavy metal fluxes and eco-toxicity.

Prof. Dr. Rolf David Vogt
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Biogeochemistry
  • Heavy metals
  • Mobility- and Transport processes
  • Concurrent stressors
  • fractionation/speciation
  • Dissolved natural organic matter
  • Boreal domain
  • Bioavailability
  • Modelling

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3131 KiB  
Article
Integrating a Hybrid Back Propagation Neural Network and Particle Swarm Optimization for Estimating Soil Heavy Metal Contents Using Hyperspectral Data
by Piao Liu, Zhenhua Liu, Yueming Hu, Zhou Shi, Yuchun Pan, Lu Wang and Guangxing Wang
Sustainability 2019, 11(2), 419; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020419 - 15 Jan 2019
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 3835
Abstract
Soil heavy metals affect human life and the environment, and thus, it is very necessary to monitor their contents. Substantial research has been conducted to estimate and map soil heavy metals in large areas using hyperspectral data and machine learning methods (such as [...] Read more.
Soil heavy metals affect human life and the environment, and thus, it is very necessary to monitor their contents. Substantial research has been conducted to estimate and map soil heavy metals in large areas using hyperspectral data and machine learning methods (such as neural network), however, lower estimation accuracy is often obtained. In order to improve the estimation accuracy, in this study, a back propagation neural network (BPNN) was combined with the particle swarm optimization (PSO), which led to an integrated PSO-BPNN method used to estimate the contents of soil heavy metals: Cd, Hg, and As. This study was conducted in Guangdong, China, based on the soil heavy metal contents and hyperspectral data collected from 90 soil samples. The prediction accuracies from BPNN and PSO-BPNN were compared using field observations. The results showed that, 1) the sample averages of Cd, Hg, and As were 0.174 mg/kg, 0.132 mg/kg, and 9.761 mg/kg, respectively, with the corresponding maximum values of 0.570 mg/kg, 0.310 mg/kg, and 68.600 mg/kg being higher than the environment baseline values; 2) the transformed and combined spectral variables had higher correlations with the contents of the soil heavy metals than the original spectral data; 3) PSO-BPNN significantly improved the estimation accuracy of the soil heavy metal contents, with the decrease in the mean relative error (MRE) and relative root mean square error (RRMSE) by 68% to 71%, and 64% to 67%, respectively. This indicated that the PSO-BPNN provided great potential to estimate the soil heavy metal contents; and 4) with the PSO-BPNN, the Cd content could also be mapped using HuanJing-1A Hyperspectral Imager (HSI) data with a RRMSE value of 36%, implying that the PSO-BPNN method could be utilized to map the heavy metal content in soil, using both field spectral data and hyperspectral imagery for the large area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mobility and Transport of Heavy Metals from Soil to Water through Hydro-, Bio- and Geo-chemical Processes)
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11 pages, 1121 KiB  
Article
Distribution of Cd and Cu Fractions in Chinese Soils and Their Relationships with Soil pH: A Meta-Analysis
by Yinzhong Ning, Xinmu Zhang, Binzhe Li, Yajing Wang and Jingheng Guo
Sustainability 2019, 11(2), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020337 - 11 Jan 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4539
Abstract
Soil contamination by potentially toxic metals (PTMs) has become a public concern in China. However, the distribution and controlling factors of soil PTM fractions remain largely unknown, limiting our ability to assess their health risks and thus to make sound controlling polices. Here, [...] Read more.
Soil contamination by potentially toxic metals (PTMs) has become a public concern in China. However, the distribution and controlling factors of soil PTM fractions remain largely unknown, limiting our ability to assess their health risks and thus to make sound controlling polices. Here, we investigate the fraction distribution of cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) in Chinese soils and their relationships with soil pH, based on a national meta-analysis of 163 published literatures. Exchangeable Cd in southern China accounted for 19.50 ± 14.97% of total Cd, significantly (p < 0.01) higher than the corresponding 13.42 ± 6.95% in northern China. Potentially available fractions constituted about 60% of total Cd at the national scale. By contrast, about half of soil Cu existed in unavailable residual fraction. Phytoavailable (i.e., exchangeable) fraction accounted for only 2.71 ± 1.65% and 2.54 ± 1.58% of total Cu in northern and southern China, respectively. Percentages of exchangeable Cd and Cu were negatively correlated (p < 0.01) with soil pH, while potentially available fractions increased significantly (p < 0.05) with soil pH. Our results provide the first national assessment of Cd and Cu fraction distribution and their responses to soil pH variations, highlighting the necessity to consider their fraction distribution and soil properties when assessing the health risks of soil PTM contamination in China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mobility and Transport of Heavy Metals from Soil to Water through Hydro-, Bio- and Geo-chemical Processes)
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