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Remote Sensing
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Close Range Remote Sensing
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Close Range Remote Sensing

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2019) | Viewed by 15691

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vega Perez-Gracia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
GIES Research Group, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: ground-penmetrating radar; applied geophysics; geophysical prospection; civil engineering assessment; archaeology; cultural heritage; buildings; signal processing; surveys in agriculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sonia Santos Assunçao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Fluid Mechanics, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Campus Diagonal Besòs, Edifici A (EEBE), Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: ground penetrating radar; cultural heritage; civil engineering; geophysics; archaeology; data analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ramon Gonzalez-Drigo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Structural Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, UPC, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: earthquake engineering; seismic risk assessment; numerical modelling of structures; NDT applied to structural damage assessment; Masonry structures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Guido Luzi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Researcher, Dept. of Remote Sensing-Division of Geomatics. CTTC. Castelldefels, Spain
Interests: remote sensing; microwave sensors; radar; SAR interferometry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Remote Sensing is devoted to gathering high-quality original research articles, reviews, and applications on the use of Remote Sensing in civil engineering.

The application of Remote Sensing technologies in civil engineering is an effective method of obtaining information about structures safely and without physical contact when they are damaged, and even for monitoring. The application of remote sensors at different fields provides useful and accurate information about their state, and there is no doubt about the value of these applications when focused on the maintenance and assessment of constructions and infrastructures. Applications are highly useful in the case of Cultural Heritage structures because they provide data which are not available from other sources, and in a non-invasive way. However, the development of these techniques needs accurate studies in order to advance and to define limitations and capabilities.

The cutting-edge technology includes passive and active remote radar systems able to measure continuously or for a certain period of time. Some of the most used systems are film photography, infrared, laser imaging detection and ranging (LiDAR), real aperture radar (RAR) interferometer, ground penetrating radar (GPR), and other geophysical techniques such as electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), seismic (reflection or refraction modes), or gravimetric measurements.

We would like to invite you to submit articles about your recent work, experimental research, or case studies on but not limited to the following topics:

  • Advances and development of methods and technologies
  • Data processing
  • Integrated geophysical assessment of structures and infrastructures
  • Ground penetrating radar application in civil engineering and cultural heritage
  • Ground penetrating radar from aerial platforms (airplanes, helicopters, drones…)
  • Synthetic aperture radar
  • Interferometric radar applied to structures and buildings monitoring
  • Development and case study using the RAR technique
  • Development and research of LiDAR data applications
  • Applications and cases study in civil engineering and cultural heritage
Dr. Vega Pérez-Gracia
Dr. Sonia Santos Assunçao
Dr. Ramón González Drigo
Dr. Guido Luzi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • close-range remote sensing
  • geophysics
  • GPR
  • SAR
  • LiDAR
  • thermography
  • photogrammetry

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 6455 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Post-Earthquake Damaged Building with Interferometric Real Aperture Radar
by Ramon Gonzalez-Drigo, Esteban Cabrera, Guido Luzi, Luis G. Pujades, Yeudy F. Vargas-Alzate and Jorge Avila-Haro
Remote Sens. 2019, 11(23), 2830; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232830 - 28 Nov 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2773
Abstract
In this study the main results of a detailed analysis of an actual building, which was severely damaged during the Mw 5.1, May 11th 2011, Lorca earthquake (Murcia, Spain) are presented. The dynamic behavior of the building was analyzed by means of empirical [...] Read more.
In this study the main results of a detailed analysis of an actual building, which was severely damaged during the Mw 5.1, May 11th 2011, Lorca earthquake (Murcia, Spain) are presented. The dynamic behavior of the building was analyzed by means of empirical and numerical approaches. The displacement response of the building submitted to ambient noise was recorded by using a Real Aperture Radar (RAR). This approach provides a secure remote sensing procedure that does not require entering the building. Based on the blueprints and other available graphical information about the building, a numeric 3D model was also set up, allowing obtaining capacity spectra and fragility curves in the two main resistant directions of the building. The main purpose of this study was to check out the feasibility of the RAR-based method to detect the safety state of a damaged building after an earthquake, without the need of entering unsafe structures. A good consistency of the numerical and experimental approaches and the observed damage was obtained, showing that RAR interferometric-based tools may provide promising supplementary remote sensing methods to safely survey and report about the structural health and the operative conditions of buildings in post-earthquake scenarios. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Close Range Remote Sensing)
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15 pages, 7500 KiB  
Article
Lab Non Destructive Test to Analyze the Effect of Corrosion on Ground Penetrating Radar Scans
by Viviana Sossa, Vega Pérez-Gracia, Ramón González-Drigo and Mezgeen A. Rasol
Remote Sens. 2019, 11(23), 2814; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232814 - 27 Nov 2019
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 4277
Abstract
Corrosion is a significant damage in many reinforced concrete structures, mainly in coastal areas. The oxidation of embedded iron or steel elements degrades rebar, producing a porous layer not adhered to the metallic surface. This process could completely destroy rebar. In addition, the [...] Read more.
Corrosion is a significant damage in many reinforced concrete structures, mainly in coastal areas. The oxidation of embedded iron or steel elements degrades rebar, producing a porous layer not adhered to the metallic surface. This process could completely destroy rebar. In addition, the concrete around the metallic targets is also damaged, and a dense grid of fissures appears around the oxidized elements. The evaluation of corrosion is difficult in early stages, because damage is usually hidden. Non-destructive testing measurements, based on non-destructive testing (NDT) electric and magnetic surveys, could detect damage as consequence of corrosion. The work presented in this paper is based in several laboratory tests, which are centered in defining the effect of different corrosion stage on ground penetrating radar (GPR) signals. The analysis focuses on the evaluation of the reflected wave amplitude and its behavior. The results indicated that an accurate analysis of amplitude decay and intensity could most likely reveal an approach to the state of degradation of the embedded metallic targets because GPR images exhibit characteristics that depend on the effects of the oxidized rebar and the damaged concrete. These characteristics could be detected and measured in some cases. One important feature is referred to as the reflected wave amplitude. In the case of corroded targets, this amplitude is lower than in the case of reflection on non-oxidized surfaces. Additionally, in some cases, a blurred image appears related to high corrosion. The results of the tests highlight the higher amplitude decay of the cases of specimens with corroded elements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Close Range Remote Sensing)
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23 pages, 24397 KiB  
Article
Assessing Rebar Corrosion through the Combination of Nondestructive GPR and IRT Methodologies
by Mercedes Solla, Susana Lagüela, Norberto Fernández and Iván Garrido
Remote Sens. 2019, 11(14), 1705; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11141705 - 18 Jul 2019
Cited by 42 | Viewed by 4499
Abstract
Corrosion is one of the pathologies that most affects the resistance of reinforced concrete. There are numerous ancient structures still in use affected by corrosion that need proper evaluation and remedial treatment for their maintenance. In this sense, there has been an increasing [...] Read more.
Corrosion is one of the pathologies that most affects the resistance of reinforced concrete. There are numerous ancient structures still in use affected by corrosion that need proper evaluation and remedial treatment for their maintenance. In this sense, there has been an increasing tendency to use nondestructive testing techniques that do not alter the reinforcement elements of such vulnerable structures. This work presents a combined methodology by using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and infrared thermography (IRT) techniques for the detection and evaluation of corrosion. The methodology was applied to the case study of an old construction that belongs to the abandoned military battery of Cabo Udra (Galicia, Spain). The combination of these complementary techniques allowed for the identification of areas with different dielectric and thermal conductivity, as well as different reflection patterns and intensity of the GPR waves. Thus, from the analysis of the GPR signals and IRT images acquired, it was possible to interpret corroded areas and moisture, along with inner damages such as cracking and debonding. These pathologies have a direct effect on the durability and sustentation of a structure, while the knowledge of their existence might be useful for engineers engaged in the design of maintenance works. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Close Range Remote Sensing)
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25 pages, 5470 KiB  
Article
Range Image Technique for Change Analysis of Rock Slopes Using Dense Point Cloud Data
by Yueqian Shen, Jinguo Wang, Roderik Lindenbergh, Bas Hofland and Vagner G. Ferreira
Remote Sens. 2018, 10(11), 1792; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10111792 - 12 Nov 2018
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3026
Abstract
The use of a terrestrial laser scanner is examined to measure the changes of rock slopes subject to a wave attack test. Real scenarios are simulated in a water flume facility using a wave attack experiment representing a storm of 3000 waves. The [...] Read more.
The use of a terrestrial laser scanner is examined to measure the changes of rock slopes subject to a wave attack test. Real scenarios are simulated in a water flume facility using a wave attack experiment representing a storm of 3000 waves. The stability of two rock slopes of different steepness was evaluated under the set conditions. For quantification of the changes of the slopes after the wave attack test, terrestrial laser scanning was used to acquire dense 3D point cloud data sampling for slope geometries before and after the wave attack experiment. After registration of the two scans, representing situations before and after the wave attack, the cloud-to-cloud distance was determined to identify areas in the slopes that were affected. Then, a range image technique was introduced to generate a raster image to facilitate a change analysis. Using these raster images, volume change was estimated as well. The results indicate that the area around the artificial coast line is most strongly affected by wave attacks. Another interesting phenomenon considers the change in transport direction of the rocks between the two slopes: from seaward transport for the steeper slope to landward transport for the milder slope. Using the range image technique, the work in this article shows that terrestrial laser scanning is an effective and feasible method for change analysis of long and narrow rock slopes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Close Range Remote Sensing)
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