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Plants
Special Issues
DNA Damage and Repair Response in Plants
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DNA Damage and Repair Response in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 April 2024) | Viewed by 1327

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Diwaker Tripathi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Interests: molecular biology; cloning; cell culture; DNA damage
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

All living organisms must maintain genome integrity for survival. Several cellular activities, including DNA replication/transcription or other metabolic reactions, may cause DNA damage. Exogenous and endogenous DNA damages reduce the genome's stability, impair development, and lower crop yield. Additionally, plants are subjected to adverse environmental conditions that could damage DNA in all cells, including meristems. Developing efficient mechanisms to maintain genome integrity is crucial for all organisms, including plants. An important mechanism contributing to genome stability is the DNA Damage Response (DDR), which activates DNA repair pathways and, in proliferating cells, stops cell division until DNA repair is complete. There has been considerable research into how DNA damage occurs, and it is repaired in bacteria, fungi, mammalian, and plant models. However, many elements of DNA damage and repair, especially in meristem or germline cells, remain undiscovered in plants. A better understanding of plants' DNA damage and repair processes will help accelerate traditional and targeted strategies for crop genome engineering. For this Special Issue of Plants, we invite articles (original research, review, methods, short communication, short reports) to expand our current understanding of the DNA damage and repair mechanism in plant cells.

Dr. Diwaker Tripathi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plants
  • plant organelles
  • organelle DNA
  • DNA damage
  • DNA repair
  • biotic and abiotic stress
  • genome integrity

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2520 KiB  
Article
Ribonucleotide and R-Loop Damage in Plastid DNA and Mitochondrial DNA during Maize Development
by Diwaker Tripathi, Delene J. Oldenburg and Arnold J. Bendich
Plants 2023, 12(17), 3161; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173161 - 2 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1083
Abstract
Although the temporary presence of ribonucleotides in DNA is normal, their persistence represents a form of DNA damage. Here, we assess such damage and damage defense to DNA in plastids and mitochondria of maize. Shoot development proceeds from meristematic, non-pigmented cells containing proplastids [...] Read more.
Although the temporary presence of ribonucleotides in DNA is normal, their persistence represents a form of DNA damage. Here, we assess such damage and damage defense to DNA in plastids and mitochondria of maize. Shoot development proceeds from meristematic, non-pigmented cells containing proplastids and promitochondria at the leaf base to non-dividing green cells in the leaf blade containing mature organelles. The organellar DNAs (orgDNAs) become fragmented during this transition. Previously, orgDNA damage and damage defense of two types, oxidative and glycation, was described in maize, and now a third type, ribonucleotide damage, is reported. We hypothesized that ribonucleotide damage changes during leaf development and could contribute to the demise of orgDNAs. The levels of ribonucleotides and R-loops in orgDNAs and of RNase H proteins in organelles were measured throughout leaf development and in leaves grown in light and dark conditions. The data reveal that ribonucleotide damage to orgDNAs increased by about 2- to 5-fold during normal maize development from basal meristem to green leaf and when leaves were grown in normal light conditions compared to in the dark. During this developmental transition, the levels of the major agent of defense, RNase H, declined. The decline in organellar genome integrity during maize development may be attributed to oxidative, glycation, and ribonucleotide damages that are not repaired. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue DNA Damage and Repair Response in Plants)
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